Om demokratiskt förankrad utrikespolitikför en mångfaldig värld

Sedan mitten av 1980-talet har Sverige rört sig i riktning mot EU och USA. SAP har kommit att också stå för den Stora Anpassningens Politik. Samarbete över gränser om problem som kräver gemensamma lösningar är bra och nödvändigt. “Samarbete” kan betyda att olika parter var och en bidrar med sina individuella förutsättningar och resultatet blir det möjligas konst. Det kan också innebära att mindre deltagare utplånar sin individualitet och underordnar sig den eller de största makthavarna.

I första fallet blir samarbetet lika med enighet i mångfald &endash; en rörelse i riktning av internationell demokrati och global-ism. I det senare innebär samarbete enhet i enfald, en autoritär utveckling och global-isering under den starkare.

Sverige gick in i EU ungefär samtidigt med utvecklingen av en gemensam EU utrikes- och säkerhetspolitik. Neutraliteten, nedrustnings- och fredsengagemanget avtog. Hänsyn till Europas stormakter ersatte lojalitet med Norden. Vi gick över till NATO:s “partnerskap för fred,” som låter bra men är NATO-anpassning utan att tala om medlemsskap.

Sverige protesterade inte mot NATO:s bombningar av Jugoslavien. Därmed stod vi inte upp för mindre länders suveränitet, för preventiv diplomati och för kravet om FN-mandat som underlag för våldsanvändning &endash; en sell-out av kärnpunkter i vår självständiga utrikespolitik.

Sverige deltar i en de facto ockupation av Kosovo/a-provinsen. Medan vi varit där har drygt en kvarts miljon oskyldiga serber, judar, romer och andra fördrivits av den nationalistisk-militaristiska ledningen under Hacim Thaci och Agim Ceku, som NATO, FN och OSSE intimt samarbetar med (och som led ett rungande nederlag i förra helgens kommunalval).

Från årsskiftet övertar Sverige ordförandeskapet i EU och kommer där, som rapporterat i Svenska Dagbladet 25 september, att “mönstra den kvarts miljon soldater som krävs för EU:s nya militära styrkor” som ska “kunna tvinga fram fred med vapenmakt” och “ingripa 4000 kilometer bort, enligt de militära planeringsmål, som EU-länderna lagt fast.” Man tror knappt sina egna ögon, men det skapar ingen debatt. Det är sant och viktigt att Sverige också lämnar betydande bidrag till civil krishantering, men det blir den militära sidan dominerar, stick i stäv med regeringens officiella politik.

Statsminister Göran Persson har tagit en rad initiativ som i sig är mycket lovvärda, men som också kan ses som del av en anpassning till tidens trender och det stora landet i väster. Jag tänker här på Holocaust-konferensen i januari, på nästa års tolerans-konferens och, inte minst, på Kosovo-kommission. Den rekommenderar att Kosovo ska bli ett självständigt land, ett krav som få dagar senare tycks bli officiell amerikansk politik i klart förakt för FN:s Säkerhetsrådsresolution 1244 som utesluter en sådan möjlighet (The Independent och Guardian 30 oktober). Kommissionen som leds av domare Goldstone och svensken Carl Tham, hävdar att NATO:s bombningar var “illegal men legitim”!

Man kan självfallet diskutera om allt detta är nödvändigt eller om det finns alternativ. Men det är indiskutabelt att frågorna motiverar en intensiv samhällsdebatt. Det har vi inte i dag.

Man kan t o m få intryck av att regeringen inte önskar debatt. 15 organisationer inom globala frågor har under åren fått organisationsstöd ifrån UD just för att skapa folkupplysande material och debatt. Två förlorade dock utan förvarning bidraget i år, Kvinnor för fred och Den Transnationella stiftelsen för Freds- och Framtidsforskning, TFF, som jag är chef för (tff@transnational.live). (Det finns inget protokoll från mötet där beslutet togs.)

Vi hade tagit avstånd ifrån NATO:s bombning och TFF nådde ut i världen, t ex CNN, med en argumentation, som byggde på nio års analys och medling i området. Vi kanske visste för mycket om spelet? (www.transnational.org).

UD har också infört en regel om att man för att få medel till upplysningsprojekt om fredsfrågor och EU själv ska betala 20% av kostnaderna; dispens gives ej. Lokalgrupper och organisationer med svag ekonomi men stort samhälleligt engagemang har därmed i praktiken uteslutats – från att hjälpa vår regering och medborgare till en demokratisk debatt om den politik som förs eller ska föras.

Tåget rullar mot redan bestämd ort. “Vi kan ju inte stå utanför utan måste vara med där besluten träffas.” Stå utanför vad? Beslut på vems vägnar? TINA, There Is No Alternative! I Sverige säger vi oss vilja en värld i fred, säkerhet, demokrati och utveckling. Det kräver mångfald.

Politik är att vilja – se skillnaderna mellan enfald och mångfall.

30 oktober 2000

PhD, Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer, Professor Emeritus and media commentator

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