PressInfo #224 – “Purpurhjärtan – Mitt hjärte brinner” En utställning och en bok omsårade veteraner från kriget i Irak

Denna PressInfo finns på engelska och danska

“Jag gick inte med i armén för att tjäna mitt land utan för att fly från ett förbaskat tråkigt liv i min hemtrakt, Orange County, och för att komma från mitt gäng och knarket.”

Robert Acosta hade precis fyllt 18 när han gick in i USAs militär. Han var 19 när han blev förflyttad från Hanau i Tyskland till Irak, där tre månader senare en handgranat, som någon hade kastat emot hans pansrade manskapsvagn (Humwee), exploderade. “Det finns ingen möjlighet i världen att vara beredd på en situation där plötsligt din hand ligger framför dig på marken och små, blodiga bitar av dig själv klibbar på väggarna”, säger han.

Medan han berättar vrider vänsterhanden hela tiden på kroken som numera ersätter hans högerhand. Det är alltid svårt för honom att tala om detta.

Robert Acosta, Photo by Nina Berman © 2005

Den New York-baserade fotografen Nina Berman, som bland andra tidningar också arbetar för New York Times, gjorde förra året en bildserie på honom och sjutton andra veteraner från Irak (en av dem en kvinna). “Eftersom ingen annan gjorde det – inte ett enda foto kunde man hitta i nyhetsmedierna – började jag leta efter veteraner på Google, med sökord som ‘amputerade ben och armar’ eller konstgjorda lemmar’.”

I februari 2005 visade det amerikanska försvarsministeriets hemsida en lista på 11,442 sårade soldater, men bara sådana som hade sårats i strid. Luis Calderón från Puerto Rico, nu 22 år gammal, står inte med på listan. Hans “quadriplegia” – förlamning från nacken – är resultatet av att en betongmur rasade ner över honom sedan han försökt att destruera den med sin kampvagn, eftersom den var försedd med ett jätteporträtt av Saddam Hussein.

Inte heller José Martínez, 20 år gammal, står med på listan. Hans ansikte är helt vanställt av brännskador orsakade av att en landmina exploderade bredvid hans Humwee – men det hände inte “i strid”. Jordan Johnson, 23 år i dag, finns inte heller på listan. Hennes högerben blev sönderkrossat vid en lastbilsolycka, men inte “i strid”. Inga Purpurhjärtan till dem – och någon pension blir det då inte heller. I alla fall inte utan att de får kämpa för det.

Hittills har Walter Reed-militärsjukhuset i Washington fått in 17 000 sårade som kommer direkt ifrån Irak eller från Landstuhl i Tyskland, medan flottans sjukhus har registrerad 11 000. Räknar man också med dem, som finns på de mindre sjukhusen, beräknas det samlade antalet sårade USA-soldater vara 37 000. De som “bara” är sårade i själen och lider av trauman och stressyndrom som inte syns på kroppen, de räknas inte alls.

I mars 2005 mottog Nina Berman World Press’ fotopris för sina bilder och för boken “Purpurhjärtan – Hem från Irak”. För henne är denna fotografernas Oscar dock inte så viktig.

Rekryteringsmarknaden är synnerligen konkurrenspräglat, och agenterna betalas i förhållande till sina framgångar. De kör upp sina bussar vid skolorna och delar ut gratis dataspel till ungarna i utbyte mot adresser och telefonnummer. Spelen är gjorda för att testa olika typer av färdigheter som behövs inom armén, och efter en utvärdering av resultaten blir föräldrarna uppringda och erbjudna pengar eller andra förmåner.

“Det finns så många som bara inte vet vad de ska ta sig till annars”, säger Robert Acosta och skakar argt och hjälplöst på sina axlar. “En av killarna här har sin pappa i fängelse för dråp, hans mamma försvann när han var liten. Armén har varit hans enda familj – för fan, alltså!”

Nu är Alex Presman 26 och måste klara sig med bara ett ben. Alan Jarmaine Lewis, 23 år numera, är ytterligare en av dem som hoppats på att “höra till” någonstanns – hans far, syster och vänner blev ihjälskjutna i gängkrig i Chicago när han bara var 7 år. Han har förlorat båda benen i Irak, och hans ansikte är svårt brännskadat.

Sedan januari 2005 har rekryteringsagenterna haft svårare att få sina kvoter uppfyllda, så nu erbjuder de upp till 18 000 dollar till ungdomarna för att skriva in sig i armén. Men det är knappast ens någon färgad – mest kvinnor – eller andra som numera blir frestade av erbjudanden, hur fattiga, meningslösa och hopplösa de än känner sig.

Numera kan inte ens PR-versionen, som regeringen utger över antalet döda och sårade, dölja vilket hot mot livet och hälsan det är att gå i krig i Irak.

Det är första vernissagen av utställningen i Tyskland på Tysk-Amerikanska Institutet i Heidelberg. På den stora trappans väggar finns ändlösa listor på döda civila irakier uppklistrade – “The Iraq Bodycount” kunde sätta namn på 6.900 av 100 000 – med orden: Ett Hundra Tusen! Robert Acosta är på väg upp till vernissagen. När han fattar vad det är han ser får han plötsligt tårar i ögonen. “Oh shit”, viskar han och vänder sig bort – – “och allt det till ingen nytta”.

Tre dagar senare i Freiburg hjälper han med ena handen att få upp listorna på väggen. “Min lillebror är 16 nu, på sistone pratar han om att ‘kanske det där med armén är kul’. En rekryteringsagent har varit därhemma, men jag säger bara – kommer han, eller någon annan av dom typerna tillbaka så ska jag skaka min krok rakt upp i fejset på honom”.

“Jodå – vi ska göra livet till ett helvete för dom där, – det är vårt viktigaste bidrag till kampen emot kriget”, säger Nina Berman. När man ser hennes grymma leende tror man henne gärna.

Lär mer om “Purpurhjärtan – Mitt Hjärta Brinner”

Open Democracy: Nina Berman – Purple Hearts – Back from Iraq
“De döda berättar inga historier. Det är de sårade som har överlevt och kan tala och nu visar på vår medskyldighet”. För att markera andra årsdagen av Irakkrigets början, presenterar Open Democracy tio profiler från “Purpurhjärtan – Hem från Irak”, den välkända fotoserien om sårade amerikanska soldater av prisbelönade fotografen Nina Berman.

Mother Jones – The Damage Done

Digital Journalist – Purple Hearts thumbs – Nina Berman’s photos

Nina Berman’s book, Purple Hearts

Information Clearing House – Purple Hearts. A Documentary by Roel van Broekhoven
En fotoserie av New York baserade Nina Berman om sårade Irak-veteraner har lett till skapandet av denna dokumentär. Hon har också skrivit boken “Purpurhjärtan – Hem från Irak”, där soldater berättar sina historier. Dokumentärfilmaren Roel van Broekhoven reste runt i USA för att träffa de personer, som porträtterades av Bermans foton.
I småstäder runt Alabama och Pittsburgh, eller i Washington och Los Angeles berättar de detaljerat om vad som hände den dagen när de sårades, hur de kom tillbaka hem – blinda eller utan ben – hur de nu måste försöka att glömma kriget. Officiellt är de “hjältar” med ett Purpurhjärtan på uniformen som de har hängande i garderoben. De flesta längtar efter att komma tillbaka till armén som numera inte har någon användning för dem. Det är en historia som President Bush knappast önskar ska spridas.

The Iraq Body Count

Operation Truth – U.S. Soldiers against the war

Bara i Tyskland har utställningen “Purpurhjärtan – Mitt Hjärta Brinner” visats i Heidelberg, Freiburg, Türingen, Aachen, Saarbrücken, Herford, Hannover och Düsseldorf.

KONTAKT
För mera information om utställningen och hyran av den, ta kontakt med Annette Schiffmann: anna.schiff@t-online.de

© TFF and the author 2005

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