Krig præsenteres i disse måneder som den eneste løsning på konflikten med Irak. Den nye resolution fra FN’s Sikkerhedsråd (1441) mindsker ikke risikoen for at USA, med eller uden FN-accept, angriber, besætter og kontrollerer Irak i januar eller februar næste år.

Men krig leder ikke til holdbare løsninger. Det har vi klara beviser for fra Kroatien, Bosnien, Kosovo, Makedonien, Somalia og Afghanistan. Omend der nok er lagt låg på volden, så er de underliggende konflikter stadig til stede, og de krigsførende parter har ikke bevæget sig en tomme mod forsoning eller fælles visioner om fremtiden.

Der kan findes ekstreme situation hvor man må gribe til vold – som når man griber et barn hårdt i armen når det er ved at løbe ud foran en bus. Men internationalt må vi ganske enkelt lære at skelne mellem krig og konfliktløsning, mellem vold og ægte fredsbestræbelser.

USA nægter at forhandle og bruge politiske midler. Hvis Irak ikke makker ret så er der ikke mere at tale om. EU, som Danmark er formand for, har ingen politik vedrørende Irak og derfor er der ingen realitet bag talen om en fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik i EU. Danmark har ikke en gang en ambassade i Bagdad, så vi savner selv førstehåndsviden.

Uanset hvilken holdning man iøvrigt har til EU kan vi europæere ikke være bekendt at sidde og blot vente på at blive tilskuere til Bush-regimets krig, der uundgåeligt vil få omfattende konsekvenser også for Europa. EU-landene kan heller ikke gøre det samme som USA for det har de ikke militær kapacitet til. Kort sagt, hvis EU skal være til andet end skam for Europa må det som EU omgående tage et mæglingsinitiativ i konflikten mellem Irak og USA. Her følger ti konstruktive forslag:

1. Hurtigst muligt fastlægge en progressiv udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik overfor Irak og dets folk, ikke kun Saddam Hussein. Sanktionspolitiken, som kun USA ønsker, er et folkemord på Iraks befolkning. Det er på tide at gøre noget nyt efter 12 års sanktioner, der kun har ført til en ødelæggelse af det irakiske civilsamfund og velfærd og som er havnet i et politisk og moralsk dødvande.

2. Indsamle fakta og viden gennem uafhængige eksperters og mediers besøg i Irak. Genudvikle og give økonomisk støtte til faglige forbindelser og dialog mellem Irak og EU-landene på mange niveauer – forskere, læger, lærere, folkelige bevægelser, kvinder, præster, social- og kulturarbejdere. Vi må lære hinanden at kende som mennesker.

3. Opmundre erhvervskredse til at udvikle handel med og investeringer i Irak. Der er gigantiske muligheder i det land og det er i Europas interesse at USA ikke sætter sig på det hele.

4. Genoprette ambassader så hurtigt som muligt og bemande dem med de bedste, mest selvstændige og kreative diplomater EU-landene kan opdrive.

5. EU bør fremlægge sine egne krav til Irak som betingelse for at, senere, se bort fra de USA-styrede FN-sanktioner og senere åbne fuldstændige, normale diplomatiske, økonomiske og kulturelle forbindelser med Irak. Irak skal naturligvis afruste sine eventuelle masseødelæggende våben, men ikke ydmyges politiskt og kulturelt som hidtil.

6. Oprette en mælings/kontaktgruppe, gerne sammen med Rusland, Kina og andre der vil deltage i arbejdet med at forhindre krig, og og få påbegyndt det møjsommelige arbejde med at finde brugbare løsninger gennem forhandling.

7. Tage initiativ til en regional konference med den europæiske OSCE-proces som forbillede. Konferencen skulle forsøge at koble det irakiske problem sammen med Mellemøsten-spørgsmålet generelt og altså omfatte Israel-Palæstina-probemet. Alle berørte lande i regionen skal indbydes til at deltage.

8. Udvikle en ny sikkerhedsordning for regionen. En sådan burde sigte på at nå et meget lavere rustningsniveau, skabe alternativ militær sikkerhed, ikke-volds-forsvar, forsoning, demokratisering og fred i hele området. Alle EU-lande bør afbryde al våbeneksport til alle lande, også Israel, og gennemtvinge at hele Mellemøsten, inklusive Israel, blir en zone fri for masseødelæggende våben sådan som FN’s Sikkerhedsråd har besluttet for længe siden i resolution 687.

9. EU bør informere FN om alt hvad man gør, men ikke lade sig afskrække af om Bush-regeringen er uenig. Det er ikke tilstrækkeligt at have en anden opfattelse og andre mål, hvis der ikke er nogen vilje eller civilcourage til at forfølge en anden politik i virkeligheden.

10. Men hvad skal vi gøre med Saddam Hussein? Spørgsmålet er galt stillet! Vi i vest skal ikke gøre noget som helst. Enhver trussel mod ham gør det sværere at opnå det samarbejde som mægling kræver. Det øger også irakernes opslutning bag ham. Det er min erfaring fra et besøg i landet at selv de, der er kritiske til Saddam, ikke under nogen omstændigheder vil have en amerikansk installeret regering, hverken af irakere i udlandet eller af amerikanere. Hvis det irakiske folk ikke ønsker Saddam som præsident er det op til disse godt og vel 20 millioner at vælte ham. Vi kan højest hviske dem i øret at den eneste metode at lykkes med det – og med at få demokrati bagefter – er at anvende ikkevold som det skete mod Sovjet i Polen og Tjekkoslovakiet, Shahen af Iran, Pinochet i Chile, Marcos i Filippinerne og Milosevic i Jugoslavien. For med våben er der ingen løsninger, hverken på svære politiske problemer eller på autoritære ledere!

Det er ikke nok at være imod krig, heller ikke for en fredsbevægelse. Krig afværger man ved at have bedre idéer end krig – og det er jo ikke så svært eftersom krig er en dålig idé. Derfor ovenstående 10 punkter.

Og så må du såmænd gerne undre dig over at disse i og for sig banale forslag overhovedet ikke diskuteres internationalt eller i Danmark og at vi heller ikke har haft en folketingsdebat. De der vil krig ønsker ikke en anden debat om Irak.

PhD, Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer, Professor Emeritus and media commentator

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