Bakgrund

Många medborgare, inte minst flyktingar och andra invandrare, har svårt att orientera sig i det svenska samhället. Den självklara kunskap man, som invandrare, bär med sig hemifrån fungerar inte längre. På främmande mark går man lätt vilse. Att finna sammanhang i tillvaron blir därför en daglig utmaning. Att höra till och delta i vårt gemensamma vardagsliv känns för många avlägset och möts man därtill av misstro blir vägen tung att vandra. Det som understryks hos främlingen är det främmande ursprunget, en egenskap gemensam med andra främlingar. När en generell egenskap är det vi först lägger märke till, förbigår vi samtidigt det som gör en person unik. Ömsesidig misstro motverkar integration och skapar klyftor mellan människor. Det uppstår ett ’vi och dom’.
I denna situation är det komplicerat att vara förälder. Det är svårt att ledsaga sina barn i ett samhälle man inte själv är förtrogen med. Att barn lär språket fortare än sina föräldrar ger dem ofta ett ansvar i familjen som ytterligare undergräver de vuxnas status.

Projektet ”Frusna fötter” utgår från ett arbete som pågick åren 2004-2005 i Eslöv (1). Det är sammanfattat i två rapporter (2), där en av slutsatserna är att integration främjas på ’varma’ platser där relationer kan utvecklas.

Projektet

Vi lyfter fram och beskriver det goda som sker när människor möter varandra med respekt. Vi utforskar redskap som underlättar vägen från vi och dom till ett utvidgat vi.
Redskapen har alla med kommunikation att göra. Berättande och ömsesidigt lyssnande bidrar till förståelse för varandras normer och värderingar. Det främjar förmågan att se sig själv med den andres ögon. Därmed ökar också medvetenheten om att det som är självklart för mig inte nödvändigtvis är det för den andre. Deltagarna speglar det mångkulturella samhället.
Projektet pågår i Malmö och Eslöv. Det inleddes i mars 2007 och skall vara avslutat 30 oktober, 2008.

Delprojekt
I Malmö har en brobyggare anställts på Familjens Hus med syfte att öka tillgängligheten till kultur och samhälle. På familjecentralen Sesam tar vi del av invandrarmammors upplevelser genom en studiecirkel. I Eslöv följer och dokumenterar vi genom intervjusamtal den kommunala integrationsgruppens arbete. På liknande sätt följer vi utvecklingen på nyinvigda Mötesplats 0413, en trygg plats för ungdomars inspiration, information och kommunikation. I det tredje delprojektet i Eslöv berättar pojkar som är eller varit i den så kallade riskzonen om sina erfarenheter, tankar, drömmar och förhoppningar.

Redskapen

Integrationsplattformar/mötesplatser
Mellanmänskliga relationer främjas på platser eller i sammanhang där man känner trygghet och kan vara sig själv i umgänget med andra. Där blir man bekräftad, sedd och lyssnad till som den person man är och inte bara som en av ’dom’. Varma mötesplatser präglas av ömsesidighet, dialog och mellanmänsklighet. Arbetet med att utveckla integrationsplattformar sker i samverkan mellan personer från skilda verksamhetsområden, se Medfinansiärer nedan.

Kultur
Kultur i vid bemärkelse är kittet som håller ihop ett samhälle. Det är alla de handlingsmönster och sätt att tolka världen som avspeglar rådande normer och värderingar. De är självklara och gemensamma för de människor, som föds in i ett samhälle. För personer som kommer till ett nytt samhälle framstår den nya kulturen som en labyrint där ingenting är självklart.
Kultur avspeglas i musik, bilder, litteratur mm och förmedlar upplevelser, tankar, känslor, drömmar och skapar gemenskap. Kultur kan också utmana, ifrågasätta och ge röst åt svaga grupper.

Brobyggare
Brobyggare kännetecknas av att de är förtrogna med det nya samhällets kultur och språk samtidigt som de har kvar sin förankring i hemkulturen och hemspråket. En brobyggare fungerar som lots och vägledare. Brobyggaren har en språk- och kulturkompetens som gör det möjligt att kommunicera år båda hållen. Genom småprat och samtal bereder brobyggarna vägen in det svenska samhället.

Berättelser
Kultur, språk och berättelser stärker identitet, dialog, ömsesidighet och reflektion. Berättelser öppnar för dialog och hjälper oss att komma ur föreställningar som är självklara för oss.

Arbetsformer

Intervjusamtal lyfter fram kunskap hos personer som på olika sätt arbetar med integration.

Studiecirklar är en arbetsform där deltagarnas olika bakgrund, erfarenheter och synpunkter tas till vara. Olika perspektiv fördjupar kunskap. Gemenskapen leder ofta till nya vänner.

Gruppmöten och nätverksträffar är ett sätt att hålla igång processen. Denna drivs framåt när människor möts och utbyter tankar och erfarenheter. Deltagarna blir engagerade i varandras arbete och kan hjälpas åt att lyfta idéer och lösa de svårigheter som infinner sig.

Seminarier syftar till mer djupgående diskussioner kring frågor som ställs under processens gång. De vänder sig också till personer utanför projektet.

Dokumentation sker löpande. Utdrag presenteras på www.transnational.org under projekttiden. Resultatet av arbetet publiceras vid projekttidens utgång.

Integrationskonferens med syftet att ventilera erfarenheter och sprida resultat i en vidare krets äger rum i projektets slutfas.

En extern utvärderare deltar i och följer arbetsprocessen.

Projektägare
Den Transnationella Stiftelsen för Freds- och Framtidsforskning (TFF) i Lund, www.transnational.org

Projektledare
Folkhälsovetaren och författaren Vibeke Bing, sociologen Christina Spännar.

Medfinansiärer
Europeiska Flyktingfonden (ERF) genom Migrationsverket, Eslövs kommun, Eslövs kyrkliga samfällighet, Polisen i Skåne, Studiefrämjandet, Malmö Stad, Region Skåne, Allmänna Barnhuset, TFF samt ideellt arbetande personer med särskild kompetens.

1. Projektbeskrivningen finns här med mer att läsa på vår huvudsida om Sverige – Integration.

2. Se Christina Spännar’s rapporter ”Integration – vad befrämjar och vad utgör hinder. Rapport från ett år i Eslöv” och ”Med rötter i fjärran land. Tjugo berättelser” (pdf format). Rapporterna kan också beställas i bokformat på tff@transnational.live.

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