PressInfo #232 – Mohamedkarikatyrerne (1) Förtryckfrihet

Mohamedkarikatyrerna
(1):
Förtryckfrihet

 

PressInfo #
232

 9
februari, 2006

Av

Jan
Öberg
,
TFF direktör

Engelsk
version

Dansk
version

Mohamedkarikatyrerna
(1) Förtrycksfrihet

Mohamedkarikatyrerna
(2): Det finns ju ett sammanhang !

Mohamedkarikatyrerna
(3): Vi måste lära att se vår egen
kulturblindhet

 

Jyllands-Postens teckningar är
tendentiösa karikatyrer. De förknippar Profeten
med terrorism, brottslighet och kvinnoförtryck.
Ingen av bilderna skulle rimligen någonstans kunna
fungera i dialog eller för ömsesidig
förståelse eller för att åstadkomma
den bildning som det finns stort behov av i
förhållandet mellan danskar och muslimer. De
är illvilliga.

Intensiteten i de negativa
reaktionerna kan förvåna. Men om man ser
karikatyrerna i ett samanhang av vår nutida
globaliserade värld, är publiceringen av
bilderna både tanklös och meningslös. Den
avslöjar en fullständigt ofattbar brist
på allmänbildning och god (journalistisk)
uppfostran.

 

Den
danska regeringen har tappat greppet

Värre är att den danska
regeringen varken begrep affären eller behovet att
på ett tidigt stadium begränsa skadan.
Statsminister Fogh Rasmussen avvisade maningar till
dialog och följde därmed ett mönster som
etablerats också i Danmarks politik när det
gäller Irak och invandrarfrågor:
definitionsmässigt begår inte vi några
misstag och vi behöva inte lära oss något
av någon.

Om regeringen hade
förstått världen och vår tid, kunde
den ha betonat Jyllands-Postens rätt att publicera
karikatyrerna men utnyttjat tillfället att starkt
distansera sig från sådan kontraproduktiv
kränkande verksamhet.

Statsministerns och
utrikesministerns presskonferens på eftermiddagen
den 7 februari bestod inte av mycket mer än en ny
omgång självberöm utan minsta antydan av
beklagande eller ursäkt eller försoning. Det
faktum att statsministern betonade att han hade fullt
stöd från George W. Bush – sagt i ett tal
riktat till den muslimska världen – avslöjar
att han har förstått beklagligt lite av den
världen.

 

Varför
detta är förtryckfrihet och inte tryckfrihet

Man måste välkomna att
Jyllands-Postens chefredaktör har bett om
ursäkt för det faktum att bilderna har
provocerat och kränkt så många, han
säger att det inte var meningen (30 januari 2006).
Han hävdar att de publicerades som en del av “en
pågående debatt om tryckfrihet, som vi
sätter så stort värde på”. Gott och
väl – men hur fullständigt kulturellt blind kan
man vara!

Tryckfrihetsargumentet är
falskt. Att den fria pressen existerar är i
bästa fall en kvalificerad sanning. Det sätt
på vilket västvärldens huvudmedier
behandlar vissa nutida frågor, som de egna
regeringarnas deltagande i krig, är bara ett av
åtskilliga exempel på självcensur och
propaganda i maktens tjänst i stället för
sanning och fri opinionsbildning. Tryckfriheten har
också alltid inneburit friheten att negligera och
marginalisera – exempelvis den större sanningen om
hur och varför miljarder människor
fortsätter att leva i fattigdom. Och den har betytt
en systematisk inriktning på regeringspolitiken mer
än på det civila samhället.

För det andra innebär
tryckfriheten ansvar. Den är inte detsamma som en
rätt att förödmjuka, kränka,
demonisera, förolämpa eller förtala.
Både personlig mognad och kultiverat beteende
handlar också om att göra sunda
bedömningar och veta vad man ska säga och inte
säga när – och varför. Journalister kan ju
fortfarande visa respekt, vara hövliga, visa empati
och vara anständiga när de har att göra
med medmänniskor – eller kan de kanske inte
det?

För det tredje vet var och en
som rest utanför sin egen kultur att yttrandefrihet
tillsammans med andra så kallade universellt
godtagna normer, måste tolkas i ett sammanhang. Det
finns inte någon kultur eller något
samhälle som vill låta sig påtvingas
utlänningars tolkningar. En generaliserad
västerlänning – den som undervisar
världen, men aldrig lär sig av den – skulle med
kraft avvisa att i sitt dagliga liv få sig
påtvingade muslimska eller hinduiska tolkningar av
dessa normer.

 

Självförhärligande
och institutionaliserad rasism

Jag är dansk medborgare som
varit bosatt i Sverige i 33 år. Under kortare
perioder har jag arbetat i Somalia, på Balkan, i
Japan, Burundi och på annat håll. Det som
skett i Danmark under de senaste cirka tio åren kan
jag inte riktigt överblicka vare sig som dansk och
eller som forskare. Jag är rädd, jag
skräms sannerligen, när jag funderar över
följderna av vad jag skulle vilja kalla
västvärldens självförhärligande
civilisationsdominans och institutionaliserade rasism.
Så genomträngande och så “naturlig” har
den blivit sedan kalla krigets slut att varken danskar
eller andra i västvärlden i allmänhet
tycks se den. Med kriget mot terrorismen är vi redan
på god väg in i ett nytt kallt krig. Utan
andra goda anledningar än den mänskliga
dårskap som härrör från en
kombination av kulturell arrogans och frånvaro av
självkritik och empaty.

Skulle
du läsa dette just nu
om du inte hade nytta av det?
Få
fler kvalitetsartiklar ifrån TFF i
framtiden

Jag tror inte en sekund att
Mohamed-karikatyrerna och eller tryckfdrihetsargumentet
är något annat än det sista
halmstrået i en rad av kulturellt blinda
förödmjukanden av
icke-västerlänningar. De bygger på
århundraden av förödmjukanden och
okänsligheter mot “de andra”. Vi har blivit
kulturellt blinda och projicerar våra egna
mörka drag på andra.

Så befriad från empati
har dansk politik blivit att den danske utrikesministern
Stig Moeller gång på gång använder
bara ett enda ord: Oacceptabelt! – men inte om sin egen
regerings politik mot invandrare eller dess deltagande i
folkmord och massmord på det irakiska folket utan –
ja, naturligtvis – om reaktionerna runt om i den
muslimska världen. Mer och mer under dessa timmar
och dagar presenterar kommentatorerna Danmark som ett
offer och de muslimska reaktionerna som överdrivna
och iscensatta.

Få danskar och få
danska massmedier verkar villiga att väcka de
frågorna i deras bredare sammanhang och fråga
sig huruvida Danmarks politik – Irak, invandrare,
islamfientlighet – skulle kunna vara grundorsaken till
allt detta.

 

De ser
mitt land som en skurkstat och jag klandrar dem
inte

Låt oss anta att danskarna
och deras politiker fortfarande har lite god uppfostran
och mänsklig mognad. I så fall skulle de
erkänna att det nu är dags för blygsamhet,
självreflektion, ursäkter och försoning.
En civilisation som saknar allt detta är stadd i
förfall och efterhand också farlig för
sig själv och andra. Den blir en
skurkcivilisation.

Dessa dagar fruktar jag att
västvärldens kultur håller på att
gå över till att sakna både empati,
öppen debatt och mod att säga:
Förlåt! Mitt hemland är nu en skurkstat i
ögonen på miljoner medmänniskor.
Fråga är inte huruvida detta är en
rättvis bedömning av Danmark. Frågan
gäller att den nuvarande danska politiken är
ett huvudsakligt skäl till att dessa miljoner ser
Danmark på det viset.

Det kan gott hända att vi nu
bevittnar början av av glidning mot en
exempellös katastrof.

 

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