PressInfo #71 – Procitajte Rezoluciju 1244 UN-a i posmatrajte sta NATO radi na Kosovu

Jeste li procitali Rezoluciju 1244 Saveta bezbednosti UN-a o miru na Kosovu? Pa, ne moze se bas reci da je koherentna. Kad bi uputstvo za rukovanje vaseg kompjutera imalo tako brojne nejasnoce i protivrecnosti, pa jos kad bi mu i nekoliko desetaka stranica bilo istrgnuto, izvesno je da bi vam se operativni sitem neprestano rusio i zapinjao a mislim da je upravo to ono sto ce se dogoditi NATO-u na Kosovu. Medjutim, ova Rezolucija je IPAK dovoljno jasna u svojim osnovnim crtama pa ce nam dozvoliti da se posle evo, prve nedelje NATO-ovog kosovskog mirotvorstva zapitamo sta se to uopste tamo dogadja? kaze direktor TFF-a, Jan Oberg. U ovoj i u sledecoj informaciji (Pres Info # 72) mozete pratiti analizu nekih od vec uocenih ociglednih problema.

  1. REZOLUCIJA 1244 JE NEUSAGLASENA I NEDORECENA

Rezolucijom se osudjuje svako nasilje lokalnih strana umesanih u sukob dok ona istovremeno ne sadrzi ni najblazi oblik spomena izuzetno brutalnog ubijanja koje je izazvao NATO niti se pak bilo sta govori o unistavanju zemlje od 12 miliona stanovnika. U njoj se izrazava spremnost da se razresi humanitarna kriza sto je za svaku pohvalu ali se ni jedna rec ne izgovara o sukobu koji lezi u njenoj osnovi niti se spominje gradjanski rat koji je Kosovom besneo izmedju februara 1998. i 24. marta ove godine.

Rezolucijom se doduse reafirmise suverenitet i teritorijalni integritet Savezne republike Jugoslavije ali u njoj nisu objasnjeni ni postupci ni modaliteti na osnovu kojih ce civilna i bezbednosna uprava moci da operativno ispostuje taj njen suverenitet i njen integritet.

Dalje o istom, istovremeno se dopusta (Clan 11) da civilno prisustvo bude zaduzeno da unapredjuje uspostavu, a sve do konacnog resenja, znacajnog stepena autonomije na Kosovu, u celini uzimajuci u obzir anekse 1 i 2 Sporazuma iz Rambujea. Na taj nacin, od SAD-a izmanipulisani diktat iz Rambujea mozda jedna od najsramnijih epizoda savremene diplomatske istorije biva krisom uguran i u ovaj tekst, sto protivureci onome sto je bilo dogovoreno s Beogradom. Da stvari budu jos gore, isti Clan 11 f) spominje omogucavanje politickog procesa zamisljenog tako da se utvrdi buduci status Kosova, uzimajuci u obzir sporazum iz Rambujea. Ovakvom formulacijom moze se a tako ce se zaista i dogoditi opravdati postupak na uspostavljanju nezavisnog Kosova; istini za volju, tesko je i zamisliti da ce NATO jednog dana napustiti pokrajinu jednostavno je vracajuci Beogradu na upravljanje, pogotovo s obzirom na ogromna dosadasnja ulaganja i na skoro bezgranicno nepoverenje i mrznju koje danas vladaju izmedju Srba i Alnbanaca posle svega sto se u medjuvremenu dogodilo.

Rezolucija sadrzi zaista minimalnu kolicinu operacionalizacije, tj. odredaba koje govoreo tome ko sve treba da uradi sta, kako i kada. Od organizacija spominje se jedino NATO, ne OEBS, ne UN niti neka ne-vladina organizacija. Tokom procesa G8, SAD i NATO iznenada su odlucile da vojno prisustvo sa 28.000 (iz vremena Rambujea) povecaju na 48.000 vojnika a da nisu za to ponudili nikakvo logicno objasnjenje, dok sama Rezolucija cak ni ne spominje nikakav konacan broj vojnika. Ni samo civilno prisustvo, njegova velicina, nivo, vodece agencije u njegovom sastavu, nista nije precizirano. Sve ovo otvara beskonacne mogucnosti za unutrasnja trvenja i prepirke izmedju brojnih organizacija oko njihovog pojedinacnog ucesca, ovlascenja, komandovanja i podele posla dok se u isto vreme Rezolucijom naglasava vaznost brzog ranog rasporedjivanja efikasnog prisustva. U samoj sustini, celokupni civilni aspekt citave misije samim tekstom Rezolucije doveden je u inferioran polozaj.

  1. U REZOLUCIJI NE POSTOJI NIKAKVA MIROVNA STRATEGIJA

Ljudska prava su spomenuta samo u jednoj kratkoj recenici. Ni jedna rec ne ukazuje u pravcu civilnog drustva, psiholoske pomoci, neme ni pomena o nekim na pr. Komisijama za utvrdjivanje istine (kakve su posle sloma aparthejda bile aktivne u Juznoj Africi da bi se razotkrili zlocini koje su cinile obe strane i tako kolektivnu krivicu zamenilo individualnom. Prim. Prev.), ili nesto o tome kako bi mediji mogli da pomognu da se siri govor tolerancije da bi zamenio govor mrznje. Covek se ne moze oteti utisku da oni koji su srocili nacrt ovog dokumenta nemaju blage veze o psihologiji ljudi, o traumama, o miru i obrazovanju iz oblasti ljudskih prava ili bilo cemu slicnom i da im uopste nije jasno kako se kod sukoba, nasilja i MIRA (da upotrebimo samo jednostavne termine) u zizi dogadjanja nalaze upravo LJUDI.

Tako eto, i ovaj put, oni koji donose odluke i koji poseduju moc mogu vojnim sredstvima da urade sve sto pozele. Tehnologija im pruza privid vlastite svemoci. Kad treba da resavaju probleme izmedju ljudskih bica, ili da se izbore za mir kao viziju boljeg buduceg zajednickog zivota, onda nas najcesce preplavi njihova potpuna nepismenost na polju resavanja sukoba i mirotvorstva.

Uz sve sto je dosad propusteno trebalo bi da se zapitamo: Zar nam ova Rezolucija posredno ne otkriva kako vise niko ne veruje u mogucnost miroljubivog suzivota Albanaca i Srba? Ako je to tako, onda se zapitajte da li je bas to ono sto je istinsko mirotvorstvo trebalo da omoguci?

  1. KORAK ZA KORAKOM, SINHRONIZACIJA

Prema diktatu SAD-a, NATO-a i G8 najpre jugoslovenske snage treba da se povuku, onda prestaje bombardovanje a tek onda ulaze medjunarodne snage. Kad NATO ne bi usao korak iza jugoslovenskih trupa koje izlaze to bi sigurno i savim predvidivo stvorilo vakuum koji bi a) iskoristila OVK da se prva uvuce unutra i da zatim b) ubedi sve ne-Albance da se odmah isele. I bas je to ono sto se jeste dogodilo. Da li neko zbilja od nas ocekuje da cemo poverovati kako NATO nije bio u stanju da sve ovo predvidi? Zbog cega je sve uradjeno bas tako kako je uradjeno? Jedna bi pretpostavka mogla biti zato da bi se umanjio rizik od mogu„eg otvaranja vatre po NATO trupama dok budu ulazile. Ili, da se izrazimo jos prostije: bolje je dozvoliti da desetine hiljada kosovskih Srba budu prisiljeni da se isele iz svojih kuca nego rizikovati jedan jedini zivot NATO-ovog vojnika.

Aneks 2 tacka 4 Rezolucije SB 1244 tvrdi kako sigurnosno prisustvo treba da uspostavi bezbedno okruzenje za sve ljude na Kosovu. No barem 30.000 srpskih civila je vec otislo – pod NATO-ovom mirovnom misijom i zastitom, pa stoga misija ni u ovako ranoj fazi VEC NIJE USPELA da ispuni svoj osnovni zadatak.

  1. SASTAV MIROVNIH SNAGA TRI PROBLEMA

Vodece NATO drzave su na Kosovo jednostavno uvele one trupe koje su jos ranije bile nagomilane u susednim zemljama. Rezolucija 1244 medjutim ovlascuje Drzave Clanice i odgovarajuce medjunarodne organizacije da uspostave medjunarodno bezbednosno prisustvo. To je, sasvim jasno, samo jos jedno od ponizenja koje je UN morao da proguta: cinjenica da nisu UN te koje su okupile, niti su makar bile konsultovane o sastavu takozvanih mirovnih snaga, onih koje bi trebalo da operisu na osnovu rezulucije Ujedinjenih Nacija. No, to ne znaci da su SAD/NATO ovlasceni da monopolisu taj proces. U principu, sve drzave clanice mogu da daju svoj vlastiti doprinos.

A ovo nas dovodi i do ozbiljne diplomatske konfrontacije sa Rusijom u koju su se SAD same uvukle. Ni najmanje nije sporno da je jedino zahvaljujuci ruskom posredovanju uopste bilo moguce postici sporazum s Beogradom. Bez obzira na sve to, SAD uporno odbijaju da daju saglasnost na uspostavu ruske zone, dok je istovremeno NATO razdelio i okupirao citavu pokrajinu a da o tome ni Ruse ni bilo koga drugog nije nista pitao. Zvanicni stav je da ukoliko bi se dozvolilo da Rusi uspostave posebnu zonu tada bi se tamo sjatili Srbi pa se Albanci ne bi osecali dovoljno sigurno. (Cinjenica je i da OVK javno tvrdi da se nece razoruzati ukoliko Rusi ne odu.)

Sve ovo je zaista krajnje cinicno. Iste one drzave koje se kriju iza ovog argumenta tokom 78 dana su sistematski unistavale srpsko-jugoslovensko drustvo, citavu srpsku domovinu i Kosovo koje Srbi smatraju kolevkom svoje nacije. Oni sad smatraju kako bi Srbi trebali, zdravo za gotovo, da se pod njihovom zastitom osecaju sigurno jer su eto, bili bombasi pa sad vise nisu – sad su mirotvorci. Isto kao ranije u Hrvatskoj i u Bosni i ovom prilikom se svako moze uveriti kako SAD i medjunarodna zajednica primenjuju razlicita pravila od slucaja do slucaja i kako ne-srpskim gradjanima i civilima po pravilu ukazuju povoljniji pristup i tretman.

Podela na zone i komandovanje predstavljaju treci problem: Aneks 2.4 glasi medjunarodno bezbedosno prisustvo uz znacajno ucesce Organizacije severno-atlanskog saveza (NATO) mora biti rasporedjeno pod jedinstvenom komandom i nadzorom. Nigde se ne kaze pod NATO-ovom komandom. I zaista, da su sve zainteresovane drzave bile na demokratski nacin konsultovane mogla se uspostaviti jedinstvena komanda sastavljena od generala i iz NATO-a i iz neutralnih drzava, ukratko receno saradnja kojom bi se odalo duzno priznanje svim drzavama koje daju svoje ucesce. Jos jedan put su SAD i NATO samosvesno i svemocno resili da sva ovlascenja prisvoje iskljucivo za sebe. U pozadini podijuma novouspostavljenog Pres-centra u Pristini stoji istaknut jedino NATO-ov amblem nema ni jedne jedine reci ili naznake iz koje bi se dalo zakljuciti kako i druge zemlje, Svedska na primer, mozda takodje ucestvuju, ili da bi se moglo cak i naslutiti kako je to misija pod okriljem UN-a.

Nepristrasni mediji bi vec postavljali nezgodna pitanja o supljim argumentima kojima se sve ovo brani i o cinjenici da na dosad ponudjenim brifinzima dominiraju politika Stejt Departmenta i NATO-a. Isto bi postupio i svako onaj ko NATO-ovu propagandu ne prihvata za bogomdanu istinu i ko nije oboleo od autocenzure. U zemljama demokratske demokratije komentatori, urednici, eksperti i politicari bi o svemu ovome otvoreno razgovarali. U zemljama narastaju„e autoritarne demokratije jasno je da ne bi.

Zamislite samo, za promenu, da su ova tri problema bila resavana kroz konsultacije a ne svrsenim cinom i marginalizacijom vodecih ne-NATO drzava. Zamislite da se resenje naslo pre nego sto su Rusi usli sa severa a NATO s juga. Ukratko, zamislite samo da NATO jeste demokratska organizacija kako u svojim unutrasnjim odnosima tako i u spoljnim poslovima.

Zar to ne bi bilo na liniji onih samoproglasenih lidera koji za sebe tvrde da govore u ime citavog sveta, citave medjunarodne zajednice? Kad bi oni to zaista bili kaze Jan Oberg, oni bi se konsultovali s drugima umesto sto samovoljno kasape drzave i okupiraju teritorije u ime tog istog sveta i svetske zajednice. Istina je medjutim, da kad bi oni govorili u ime medjunarodne zajednice i da na svetu postoji jedinstvo oko nacina kako postupati sa ovakvom krizom mi bi vec imali UN-ovu misiju, UN-ovu prisustvo i UN-ov postupak za razresavanje sukoba. A bas to je ono sto se ovi lideri koji predstavljaju svega oko 10 posto svetskog stanovnistva tako zestoko trude da izbegnu.

© TFF 1999

• You are welcome to re-print, copy, archive, quote from or re-post this item, but please retain the source.
• TFF’s website has all the relevant links to Iraq, the Balkans, including media there + peace research, and non-violence
• Teacher, activist, journalist?? You’ll always find something interesting at TFF.
• Get your daily global news from the leading media on TFF’s site, all in one place.

Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer

Related Posts

Small and different + among the 10% most active + 9,000 texts + 150 Associates + 60 000 a day — and a stubborn belief that peace is smarter and must be secured by peaceful means. In 2026, the Transnational Foundation for Peace and Future Research (TFF) turns 40. On Monday, October 5, 2026, a new TFF homepage will go live — a new gateway to more than 9,000 articles, analyses, research papers and other contributions produced over four decades of independent peace research. But this is not simply a new website. For four decades, TFF has worked from a simple conviction: peace is smarter than militarism and can be brought about by peaceful means. This is not merely an aspiration. It is the principle expressed in the UN Charter and the Gandhian tradition that has guided our work from the beginning. TFF is a research-based, independent and people-financed foundation....
The agreement is catastrophic both because of what it says and what it doesn’t mention. It reduces further the major asset of security policies: Freedom of action. Jan Oberg TFF director September 25, 2026 A couple of hours before the agreement was signed on September 22, 2026, I published the following 13 hypotheses about what it would most likely contain on TFF Substack (in English). I was wrong on only the first point. Contrary to what Trump had written on his Truth Social platform, it does not appear to come into force immediately. In fact, it turned out to be worse than even I had anticipated. After these hypotheses now come a number of reflections in light of what the agreement actually contains, and does not contain, as well as the way in which it has generally been presented by major media outlets and by the public-service broadcaster DR. My...
Jan Oberg May 15, 2026 Go to this Fox News page and scroll the whole way down: President Donald Trump tells the world that his meeting with President Xi Jinping yielded a lot of very concrete political and economic results – of course, only where the Chinese side, according to him, agreed with him. He does not mention the Taiwan issue, but Secretary of State, Marco Rubio, says that it did not feature prominently in their talks and that the US policy on Taiwan has not changed. Then go to China Daily – or Global Times – and you will see that for the Chinese it is framework, principles, structure of cooperation etc. that matters – all embedded in the overall idea of “constructive bilateral relationship of strategic stability.” Nowhere is any concrete agreement or deal – all that Trump refers to – mentioned. At the general level, this gives you insights into the very different social...

Recent Articles

Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...

TFF on Substack

Discover and subscribe to more peace materials on TFF Substack

Most Popular

Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...
Read More
girl-5894831_1280
Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Nobel-Prize-Plaque
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
law-419057_1280
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...
images-2
Advocates of nuclear disarmament are regularly dismissed by the champions of nuclear deterrence as naïve and unrealistic, utopian or even irresponsible. Yet this ‘doctrine’ of deterrence, regarded by France as the ‘cornerstone’ of its national security, is based on quasi-religious beliefs, a theory that cannot be proven, risky gambles and fragile assumptions. So much so that one might legitimately ask which side the ‘Care Bears’ are on. Marc FinaudVice-President of Initiatives for Nuclear Disarmament (IDN) October 9, 2026 This article was originally published on Pressenza When it comes to these things being treated as religious concepts, look here. Idealists and realists It was Hubert Védrine, François Mitterrand’s former Foreign Minister, who repeatedly coined the phrase: ‘Europeans are a sort of Care Bears who don’t realise they’re living in Jurassic Park’. He applies this reference to the cartoon for well-behaved children not only to what he regards as weakness or idealism...
8824b09f-33a5-43f9-9fd0-550f28cda24d_1536x1024
What the West Borrowed from Asia and What It Left Behind Jan Krikke October 8, 2026 The article was originally published here In the late 1960s, the musical Hair announced that the Age of Aquarius was dawning. Its opening anthem promised a transformation of human consciousness: an era of peace, harmony and understanding. Half a century later, a familiar echo of that promise is a meditation app offered by your employer. You can find it in the same list of benefits as the pension plan and the gym discount. How did a spiritual revolution become an employee benefit? The answer lies in the history of the movement known as New Age: where it came from, what it borrowed from Asia, and why the meaning of what it borrowed changed in the process. Two definitions will help. New Age is a loose label for a wide range of spiritual practices and...
Screenshot 2026-10-04 210142
Small and different + among the 10% most active + 9,000 texts + 150 Associates + 60 000 a day — and a stubborn belief that peace is smarter and must be secured by peaceful means. In 2026, the Transnational Foundation for Peace and Future Research (TFF) turns 40. On Monday, October 5, 2026, a new TFF homepage will go live — a new gateway to more than 9,000 articles, analyses, research papers and other contributions produced over four decades of independent peace research. But this is not simply a new website. For four decades, TFF has worked from a simple conviction: peace is smarter than militarism and can be brought about by peaceful means. This is not merely an aspiration. It is the principle expressed in the UN Charter and the Gandhian tradition that has guided our work from the beginning. TFF is a research-based, independent and people-financed foundation....