Beträffande inslaget i kväll i Aktuellt 18:00 om Irans forskning i kärnenergi

Till Cilla Benkö & SVT:s Aktuellts redaktion

Ett bra exempel på “punkt” journalistik utan sammanhang. Internationellt finns det ganska bred enighet om att Iran inte har brutit mot någon del av folkrätten. Man anser att landets ledning är allmänt opålitlig. Iran har accepterat inspektion och undertecknat NPT – Non-Proliferation Treaty från 1968.

NPT stipulerar att kärnvapenstater skall ned- och så småningom helt av – rusta sina kärnvapen och som quid pro quo ska länder som önskar att få kärnvapen avstå från detta och i stället få hjälp att utveckla civil kärnkraft.

Kärnvapenmakterna har brutit mot detta viktiga fördrag allt sedan 1968 genom fortsatt kärnvapenupprustning, ständigt mera sofisitikerad teknologi och precisa, långträckande framföringsmedel. USA är historiens första aktör som i sin officiella kärnvapendoktrin anser sig ha rätt att använda kärnvapen inte bara som avskräckning (“terrorbalansen”) mot angrepp mot eget territorium utan också mot andra stater inklusive stater som inte själva har kärnvapen.

Det är allmänt känt att Israel är den enda kärnvapenmakten i Mellersta Östern, förmodligen med 200-300 stycken. FN:s Säkerhetsråd beslöt redan på 1970-talet att Mellersta Östern skulle vara en kärnvapenfri zon. Ingen har vågat föreslå att Israel – som inte har undertecknat NPT – skulle acceptera inspektion eller avskaffa sina de facto kärnvapenlager.

Den vinkling frågan fick i kvällens inslag är mot denna lite bredare bakgrund – djupt missvisande, sammanhangslös. Medan man sannerligen inte kan försvara de tämligen vansinniga uttalanden som Irans president nyligen kommit med angående staten Israel, judarna och Holocaust så kommer den typ av journalistik som bedrevs i detta inslag indirekt att skapa opinion för en eventuell senare bestraffning av Iran och en tyst accept av Israel som dock är en större “förbrytare” i sammanhanget men vars kärnvapenstatus eller hot i den arabiska världens ögon aldrig problematiseras.

Dette underströks nästan paradoxalt i och med att inslaget avslutades med att Israels utrikesminister fick uttala sig om saken. Som om han var sanningsvittne och inte borde betraktas som ett fullt så allvarligt problem som Iran. Inslaget meddelade inte att Israel är en kärnvapenmakt i strid med alla avtal.

Vare sig vi tycker om det eller inte kommer kärnvapen att spridas på allt fler händer därför att de existerande kärnvapenmakterna totalt ignorerar sina internationella förpliktelser. Problemet är därför INTE spridningen i sig utan kärnvapnens fortsatta och icke-problematiserade existens. USA och England hade kärnvapen med till området vid invasionen av Irak. Ingen bevakade detta – men Iran som inte ens har dessa vapen betraktas nu som ett hot mot världsfreden.

Som expert med 30-års erfarenhet av dessa frågor måste jag kraftfullt ta avstånd från varje mediebevakning som inte tycks ha tagit minsta intryck av den väl planerade “informations”insats som föregick sanktionerna och kriget mot Irak – där allt sedan visade sig vara mer eller mindre falsifierat.

Fria medier ska givetvis inte skicka fredsbudskap eller arbeta för nedrustning. Men de ska inte heller bidra – medvetet eller på grund av icke-existerande analys – till att legitimera upprustning eller våldsanvändning som sanktioner och/eller krig. Aktuellts inslag gjorde indiskutabellt det.

Det finns oerhört mycket och bra material om Iran och kärnvapenfrågan. På TFF har vi sammanställt de viktigaste källorna här:

Is Iran Next? The US, Iran and Nuclear Proliferation – September – December 2005

Is Iran Next? The US, Iran and Nuclear Proliferation Materials from the last few years till September 2005

Vänlig hälsning
Jan Öberg, docent
TFF direktör
Lund 10:e januari 2006


Cilla Benkö svarar

Hej Jan!

Tack för ditt mail. Det är alltid bra och uppskattande när ni tittare hör av er med synpunkter på det vi gör.

Jag antar att den sändning du har sett är Aktuellt kl 18 i SVT2. Den sändningen är en mer kortfattad nyhetssändning som givetvis ska vara så komplett som möjligt.

Förhoppningsvis kunde du också igår se det fördjupande nyhetsprogrammet Aktuellt kl 21. Där hade vi ambitionen att sätta in gårdagens Iranutveckling i ett sammanhang bla med en kommentar av Stig Fredriksson. Missade du den bevakningen finns det en möjlighet att se detta via webben www.svt.se/nyheter.

Mvh
Cilla Benkö
Redaktionschef/Head of News
Aktuellt
Sveriges Television/Swedish Television


Jan Öbergs duplik

Tack. Ditt svar tycks mig vara av redaktionell karaktär.

Du går däremot inte in på substansen – den typ av journalistisk approach som användes i ft frågans sakliga kompleksitet – som bland annat speglas i de länkar jag bifogade.

Jag tittade naturligtvis på de senare utgåvarna – enda substantiella och viktiga skillnad var att ni tack o lov hade slopat intervjun med Israels utrikesminister.

För den intellektuellt intresserade finns en ny lärabok för mediefolk, som jag tycker varje utrikesreaktör och journalist borde känna till – Peace Journalism av Jake Lynch & Annabel McGoldrick. Den är inte bara kritisk till nyhetsbevakningen i allmänhet utan ger konkreta exempel på hur media kan förhålla sig, analysera och förmedla på ett sätt som inte bidrar till att öka våldet, direkt eller indirekt – och inte heller jamsar för fred i någon mening. Kort sagt, professionell, sanningssökande och rättvis konfliktjournalistik.

Mer om författarna här

Jake Lynch

Annabel McGoldrick

En annan bok, i vilken jag själv har analyserat mediabevakningen inför kriget mot Irak och jämfört med min egen upplevelse av besök i Irak, finns här:

När du nu hänvisar till Stig Fredriksson som ett argument för ett bredare sammanhang kunde du kanske tipsa honom om dessa?

Kort sagt – snälla, försök, våga, tänka nytt o självständigt i dessa ödesfrågor!

Vänliga hälsningar
Jan Öberg

PhD, Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer, Professor Emeritus and media commentator

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