I Gandhis fotspår 8 – Mr. Bakhta återupplever Saltmarschen

Ifrån Surat mot havet

Söder om Ahmedabad ligger Surat. Dit kommer jag med tåg och hyr där en bil med chauffören Max, som är svart som en afrikan. Med mig har jag Tom Webers bok om Saltmarschen, min lilla dator samt kameran. Allt måste registreras noggrant. Jag ska köra Marchens sista drygt 50 kilometer längs små vägar, från by till by och besöka de tempel, övernattningsplatser och torg som 78 marschdeltagare och Gandhi passerade för 71 år sedan.

Vi lämnar “utvecklingen” och “civilisationen”. Byarna är Indien, inte städerna! Här är pastoralt och fridfullt, luften är ren; jag hör och ser fåglar. I lilla Dharam finns ett enkelt hus, nu bibliotek, med en byst av Gandhi framför. Här övernattade marschdeltagarna.

Skomakare utanför Surat – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

Jag hälsar på i biblioteket. Max pratar med någon och återvänder: “De säger att det här i Dharam bor en vän till Gandhi, som var med på Marchen. Vill du träffa honom?” Ja, ja, tänker jag skeptiskt. Många har sålt sig till turistindustrin som vänner till den store, lille mannen.

Gandhis byst framför biblioteket i Dharam – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

Mr. Bakhta bor hos ett barnbarn. Hans hustru är död och han är själv 94.

– Jag var 23 år och frihetskämpe när vi gjorde Marschen. Jag hade läst historia på Gujarat Vidyapith (Universitet) som Gandhi grundat. Sedan kom jag till hans Sabarmati-ashram och fascinerades.

– Jag ingick i en grupp som åkte i förväg och planerade övernattningar, torgmöten etc. Vi var beredda att dö för Indiens självständighet. Så är det om man vill uppnå något stort, men som du ser är jag fortfarande i livet!

Han skrattar. Jag frågar honom om dagens Indien.

– Herregud, dagens Indien är en katastrof, inte alls vad vi kämpade för. Nehru var OK, men Indira Gandhi förstörde landet och visionen. Jag är inte bitter. Jag gjorde det jag gjorde därför att jag tyckte det var rätt. Utvecklingen blev bara inte som vi hade hoppats.

Han visar mig foton av tre brev han och Gandhi skrev till varandra. Innehållet är inget speciellt, säger han, men Gandhi svarade alltid alla som skrev. Jag tackar honom och säger att det varit en stor upplevelse att få träffa honom.

– Tack, tack, men vart är ni på väg?, frågar han. Jag berättar att vi ska ut till kusten, till byn Dandi där Gandhi plockade upp salt och förändrade Indiens och världens gång och sedan till Saltverken i Dharasana, mycket viktiga mål för min Indiensresa.

Mr. Bakhta i sitt hus i Dharam – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

– Jag skulle vilja åka med er, går det bra?

Helt överraskad säger jag “ja, så klart” och inser samtidigt att 94 år, 35 grader och fuktigt klimat kan vara en farlig kombination. Till familjen säger han att han ska visa oss en skola bara en mil därifrån.

Han byter skjorta och familjen stödjer honom ut till bilen. Off we go, på pyttesmå väger färdas vi tillsammans med miljoner människor och cyklar ut till kusten vid Arabiska Havet. Vilken känsla! Vi känner havsluften, ser monumentet, besöker det lilla Marschmuseet i Dandi. Här finns like lite salt som på Gandhis tid. Så långt ögat når ser jag mörkbruna stränder, lekande barn och badgäster.

Till Saltverken leder 47 km helt hopplösa väg. Den som sett Gandhi-filmen minns att det var där rad efter rad av demonstranter och marschdeltagare klubbades ned av polisen. Hundratals fördes blödande till sjukhus. Mr. Bakhta var en av dem.

Vi dricker te och äter lite. Mr Bakhta är på gott humör och berättar stort och smått, om hur vägen då inte var asfalterad, om hur trötta de var, hur de var redo att bli arresterade varje ögonblick, om Gandhis humör.

Saltverken i Dharasana – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

Sent på eftermiddagen, när solen börjar gå ned, når vi Saltverken i Dharasana. Här finns salt i stora rutor kantade av saltvallar. Vatten och salt speglar himmel och sol vidunderligt. Barfota saltarbetare skyfflar saltet fram och tillbaka mot vallarna. Vi förklarar vårt intresse för Gandhi och historien om saltet och ber att få ta lite salt som souvenir och tar också till Mr. Bakhta, som suttit kvar i bilen.

När vi återvänder ser jag en tår rinna ned för hans kind. Jag ser lite försiktigt frågande på honom och då säger han:

– Jag är så glad att jag åkte med, det är jag verkligen. Ni ska veta att det är bara andra gången jag är här.

Jag ser förvånat på honom.

– Jag menar, jag var här 1930 och nu idag. Jag har inte varit tillbaka sedan allt hände här.

Nu förstår jag varför han hade talat om skolan. Hade han sagt till familjen att han skulle vara borta hela dagen och åka 200 kilometer i denna hetta hade det blivit stopp. Men att återuppleva Saltmarschen var allt avgörande för honom, 94 år gammal. Och en dag kom det alltså en bil med chaufför och en Gandhi-entusiast.

“Saltfötter” – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

När vi återvänder på kvällen är Bakhta trött men lycklig. Vi tackar varandra hjärtligt. Ett eller annat förde oss samman denna dag, på denna marschväg.

Men Bakhta glömmer sitt salt i bilen. Vi återvänder med det och glädjen är stor. Om inte Bakhta skulle ha sitt salt, vem då? Han riskerade ju livet för att förändra historien och bryta ned det brittiska kolonialväldet.

Saltet påminner oss om att symbolpolitik och ickevåld kan vara starkare än realpolitik och våld. Åtminstone då. Sedan blev det inte som Gandhi och Bakhta hoppades i Indien. Såväl där som i dagens Sverige saknas saltet och det civilkurage de hade.

Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer

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