I Gandhis fotspår 5 – I Birla House hos Gandhi

Affärsdynastin Birla’s palatsliknande vita hus ligger några kilometer från turisternas Connaught Place, i det grönaste området av Delhi. Här levde Gandhi sina 144 sista dramatiska dagar. Byggnadens museum speglar hans liv och död.

Utomhus kan besökaren följa hans sista vandring. Från dörren i det enkla vita rum med glasveranda där han levde finns cementavtryck av fötter genom parken till platsen där han mördades. Dit går man utan skor, i stillhet.

Gandhis sista steg – Birla House, Delhi – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

I parken finns enorma gamla träd, ett rikt fågelliv, porlande vatten, ett hav av blommor, stora gräsmattor och skulpturer och en murrelief som speglar Indiens historia och Gandhis gärning.

Birla House eller “Gandhi Smriti” är en oas kärleksfullt driven i Gandhis anda. Dess direktör, dr Neelakanta Radhakrishnan, är en av Indiens få riktiga Gandhianer. Som direktör är han regeringsämbetsman, men han är dessutom forskare, aktivist, skribent och ledare för den japanska lekmanna-buddhistiska fredsorganisationen Soka Gakkai. Med sin hustru leder han ett institut för ickevåld i Kerala. Han har skrivit handböcker om Satyagraha, om ickevåldsaktioner och ickevåldskämpar runt om i världen. Han har varma ögon, är lärd, ödmjuk, politisk, humoristisk. Denna khadi-klädda nomad är alltid på resa, alltid på väg, trots svag hälsa.

Birla House, Gandhis rum bakom de blåa fönstren – här levde han och här
dog han efter skottdramat i trädgården
– Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

Under sina år som chef har han kartlagt Gandhis sista 144 dagar timme för timme, vilket ingen kommit på förut.

– Jag tillhör inte mainstream-Gandhianerna i landet vars olika sekter bevakar sin egen “enda sanna” tolkning av Gandhi och gärna bekämpar andras. En människa som var så medveten om sina egna fel och ständigt experimenterade och motsade sig själv, hur kan han monopoliseras av någon? Eliten i det här landet respekterar mig säkert som chef för Birla. Statsministern är faktisk min styrelseordförande, men eftersom jag tar Gandhi på allvar och propagerar hans tankar varhelst jag kan, är jag nog lite farlig, säger han och skrattar.

– Kongresspartiet har bara en vulgärtolkning av Gandhi. Kom ihåg att Gandhis sista skrift handlade om Kongresspartiets upplösning. Han visste att korruptionen skulle sprida sig om man gav en liten grupp hela makten att styra Indien. Han ville ha ett slags Peoples’ Front. De som kom efter honom arbetade visserligen i hans anda, men de var egentligen bara anti allting. De glömde Gandhis konstruktiva program. Så det blev aldrig en ‘buffert’ eller ett samhälleligt dialogforum mellan eliten och folket i Indien.”

Neelakanta Radhaskrishnan, Delhi 2001 – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

Neelakanta Radhakrishnan fortsätter:

– Indien hade körts i botten vid självständigheten 1947. Vi borde ha fattat att detta var början på Indiens egna problem. Nehru var en visionär. Han ville sammanföra rysk-inspirerad socialism med inslag från Indiens egen kultur och verklighet samt med gandhiansk filosofi. Egentligen var det strålande, riktigt under den tidens omständigheter.

– Idag, däremot, är allting underställt MARKNADEN. Det enda positiva som hänt är panchayat-systemet införd i vissa delstater 1995. Det innebär att alla byar har sina egna medborgarråd, som också samlas på kommun- och högra nivåer. En tredjedel ska vara kvinnor. Detta är helt i Gandhis anda: behovsorienterad gräsrotsdemokrati, bygg Indien underifrån, på dess 700.000 byar! Men hur länge kommer det att fungera i ett land med så mycket korruption och korporativism på toppen?

– Men, frågar jag, vad tror du om globaliseringen?

– Jag ser filosofiskt på den. Under tusentals år har Indien fått besök, eller rättare blivit invaderat, av greker, hunner, araber, mongoler, portugiser, fransmän, andra kristna, islam, av britterna. De flesta andra länder hade väl låtit sig förtryckas av teknologin och militärmakten. Men inte Indien, det är som en klippa i världen. Vi har en kulturell mångfald som tillåter oss att absorbera en viss penetration och vi går aldrig omkull. Därför är dagens globalisering ingen större utmaning för Indien som helhet, men visst finns det faror. Men kom ihåg: Gandhi själv var en produkt av globalisering. Han utbildades i London, levde i Sydafrika och inspirerades av alla möjliga religioner och av västerlänningar som Jesus, Tolstoj, Thoreau, Ruskin.

Skylt på väggen i Sabarmati ashramet, Ahmedabad 2001 – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001

Jag kommer att tänka på Gandhis formulering om just detta, skrivit på väggen av hans ashram i Ahmedabad:

“Mitt hus ska inte ha tjocka murar eller igenbommade fönster. Jag vill att alla länders kulturer skall blåsa runt och igenom mitt öppna hus så fritt de vill. Men ingen enskild ska få blåsa mig omkull.”

Enhet i mångfald är ett indiskt ideal. Gandhis formuleringen är mitt i prick i dagens invandrardebatt. Jag skulle önska att den var uppslagen överallt i det forna Jugoslavien där EU och NATO blåser omkull alla de kan.

Jag talar om för Radhakrishnan att jag ska resa i Indien i Gandhis fotspår. Han blir riktigt glad.

– När Du kommer tillbaka vill jag inbjuda dig att bo några dagar i gästrummet på Birla House. Kom och gå, sitt där tidigt på morgonen, sent på natten. Du kommer att känna att det finns en alldeles speciell atmosfär här.

Sagt och gjort. Han hade helt rätt. Jag tänker på mina tre dagar och på nätterna i månskenet där med stor tacksamhet. Nära Gandhis liv och död.

Birla House regnig natt, Delhi – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001
Författaren vid Gandhis minnesplats i Birla Garden – Photo Jan Öberg, © TFF 2001




Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer

Related Posts

LONDON – So far so good, at least on the wider level. While internally Iraq seems on the edge of chaos, the much heralded clash of civilizations between the Muslim and Judaeo-Christian worlds has yet to become apparent. We have anger and despair aplenty in the Arab and Muslim worlds. But very little rushing to the standard and there was no great pilgrimage of warriors to join the fight, as happened when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan twenty years ago, and then, having driven the Red Army out, were left to ferment in that mountainous redoubt. With the armaments supplied by the CIA the mujahidin were transformed into Al Qaeda that became, for a relatively brief moment as these things go, ‘the greatest threat to the homeland that America has ever known.’ Nevertheless a ‘Cold War’ between much of the Muslim world and the West is certainly in full swing. Winston...
The Challenge of Nuclear Weaponsin the Twenty-first CenturyA Path Forward The peoples and governments of the world face an urgent challenge relating to weaponry of mass destruction and particularly to nuclear weaponry.  At the crossroads of technology, terrorism, geopolitical ambition, and policies of preemption are new and potent dangers for humanity. Despite ending the nuclear standoff of the Cold War era, nuclear weaponry is again menacing the peoples of the world with catastrophic possibilities.  We recognize the need for any government to pursue its security interests in accordance with international law; and further, we recognize that distinctive threats to these interests now exist as a result of an active international terrorist network having declared war on the United States and its allies. Nonetheless, we reject the assessment of the current US administration that upgrading a reliance on nuclear weapons is in any sense justified as a response. We find it...
By Karin Wegestal MP, the Social Democratic Partyon behalf of the Swedish Committee for Solidarity with the Yugoslav People During the last decade, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has received more than 500,000 refugees from Croatia and Bosnia, and another 300,000 internally displaced persons, mainly from the province Kosovo and Metohia. For a country with about ten million inhabitants, such an influx of homeless people is obviously a very heavy burden – even under peaceful conditions. But in addition to that, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has been the subject to sanctions from the western powers for close to ten years and its infrastructure was badly hurt through Nato’s intense bombardment during 78 days in 1999. The result of all this is that Yugoslavia, once the most developed industrial country in Eastern Europe, is today the poorest country in Europe. In Serbia excluding Kosovo, with about ten million inhabitants and...

Recent Articles

Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...

TFF on Substack

Discover and subscribe to more peace materials on TFF Substack

Most Popular

Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...
Read More
girl-5894831_1280
Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Nobel-Prize-Plaque
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
law-419057_1280
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...
images-2
Advocates of nuclear disarmament are regularly dismissed by the champions of nuclear deterrence as naïve and unrealistic, utopian or even irresponsible. Yet this ‘doctrine’ of deterrence, regarded by France as the ‘cornerstone’ of its national security, is based on quasi-religious beliefs, a theory that cannot be proven, risky gambles and fragile assumptions. So much so that one might legitimately ask which side the ‘Care Bears’ are on. Marc FinaudVice-President of Initiatives for Nuclear Disarmament (IDN) October 9, 2026 This article was originally published on Pressenza When it comes to these things being treated as religious concepts, look here. Idealists and realists It was Hubert Védrine, François Mitterrand’s former Foreign Minister, who repeatedly coined the phrase: ‘Europeans are a sort of Care Bears who don’t realise they’re living in Jurassic Park’. He applies this reference to the cartoon for well-behaved children not only to what he regards as weakness or idealism...
8824b09f-33a5-43f9-9fd0-550f28cda24d_1536x1024
What the West Borrowed from Asia and What It Left Behind Jan Krikke October 8, 2026 The article was originally published here In the late 1960s, the musical Hair announced that the Age of Aquarius was dawning. Its opening anthem promised a transformation of human consciousness: an era of peace, harmony and understanding. Half a century later, a familiar echo of that promise is a meditation app offered by your employer. You can find it in the same list of benefits as the pension plan and the gym discount. How did a spiritual revolution become an employee benefit? The answer lies in the history of the movement known as New Age: where it came from, what it borrowed from Asia, and why the meaning of what it borrowed changed in the process. Two definitions will help. New Age is a loose label for a wide range of spiritual practices and...
Screenshot 2026-10-04 210142
Small and different + among the 10% most active + 9,000 texts + 150 Associates + 60 000 a day — and a stubborn belief that peace is smarter and must be secured by peaceful means. In 2026, the Transnational Foundation for Peace and Future Research (TFF) turns 40. On Monday, October 5, 2026, a new TFF homepage will go live — a new gateway to more than 9,000 articles, analyses, research papers and other contributions produced over four decades of independent peace research. But this is not simply a new website. For four decades, TFF has worked from a simple conviction: peace is smarter than militarism and can be brought about by peaceful means. This is not merely an aspiration. It is the principle expressed in the UN Charter and the Gandhian tradition that has guided our work from the beginning. TFF is a research-based, independent and people-financed foundation....