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Jean Bricmont
Humanitär imperialism
Översättning Margareta Norlin
Karneval

“Att döda hundratusen personer därför att man anser att andras mänskliga rättigheter kränks, verkar vara en självmotsägelse. Inte desto mindre har fanatismen hos vissa försvarare av mänskliga rättigheter åstadkommit att fler människor berövats sina rättigheter, och flera berövats sina liv, än det antal som räddats …
Även om många hemska saker utförs i islams och andra religioners namn, så begås värre saker i demokratins och de mänskliga rättigheternas namn.”

Formuleringarna är hämtade ur ett tal som Mohamed Mahathir, Malaysias premiärminister mellan 1981 och 2003, höll vid en konferens om mänskliga rättigheter 2005. Mahathir citeras i ”Humanitär imperialism”, en ny bok av Jean Bricmont om hur mänskliga rättigheter gång på gång har åberopats för att sälja krig, till och med förebyggande krig.

Bricmont är professor i teoretisk fysik i Belgien men också ideologikritiker och har gett ut böcker tillsammans med bland andra Régis Debray.

I ”Humanitär imperialism” diskuterar Bricmont framförallt USA:s senaste krig, mot Jugoslavien, Afghanistan och Irak och granskar de argument som lanserats för att framställa krigen som rättfärdiga, maktens legitimeringsmekanismer. Vi lever i de ohumanitära ”humanitära” krigens tid.

Bombningarna av Kosovo och Jugoslavien 1999 kallades allmänt för en ”humanitär intervention”. Det var ett effektivt sätt att sälja ett krig där den europeiska socialdemokratin mer eller mindre okritiskt accepterade argumenteringen. De humanitära bomberna mot en av Europas fattigaste provinser följdes dåligt upp av humanitära insatser på marken.

Bombningarna mot Afghanistan motiverades till en början med att man skulle komma åt Usama bin Ladin. När det misslyckades hette det att man skulle störta de fundamentalistiska talibanerna och senare att kriget fördes för att de afghanska kvinnornas rättigheter skulle upprättas.

Vem bryr sig i dag om de afghanska kvinnornas öde, särskilt på landsbygden, suckar Bricmont.

Kriget mot och ockupationen av Irak har motiverats på flera sätt. Först handlade det om massförstörelsevapen, som inte fanns. Sedan om att störta en grym diktator. Nu heter det att USA ska införa demokrati. Men vem tror på det, när alla vet att det krasst handlar om kontrollen av landets olja.

Bricmont påminner om USA:s storskaliga angrepp mot den irakiska staden Falluja i november 2004, en krigsförbrytelse som överträffar det mesta av vad Saddam gjorde sig skyldig till:

”Falluja är ett Guernica utan Picasso. En stad på trehundratusen invånare berövades vatten, elektricitet och livsmedel och tömdes på sina invånare som därefter spärrades in i läger. Därefter bombades staden metodiskt, gång på gång, kvarter för kvarter.”

Den brutala förödelsen av en stad stor som Malmö med många civila döda vållade få protester, därför att så många fortfarande såg USA:s krig som rättfärdigt.

Sannolikt har fler än 650 000 irakier dött till följd av kriget. Bortåt fyra miljoner är på flykt från sina hem. Krigets destruktiva förstörelse kommer att omöjliggöra ekonomisk utveckling decennier framåt. Någon demokrati är sannerligen inte inom synhåll. Men oljekontrakten har BP och Exxon snart säkrat. Det handlar inte om demokrati, skriver Bricmont, utan om imperialism.


Bricmonts grundtes är att de västerländska stormakterna och särskilt USA anammat en ”mänskliga rättigheter-ideologi” genom vilken de ger sig själva rätten eller rentav skyldigheten att ingripa med militärt våld i andra länders inre angelägenheter. Han påminner om att FN bildades just för att förhindra angreppskrig, som av Eisenhower stämplades som nazistiska.

”Humanitär imperialism” är en lika väsentlig som välargumenterad bok om vår tids ödesfrågor ur ett alltför sällan använt perspektiv.

Bricmont illustrerar återkommande sin text med belysande citat och lägger ut talrika ledtrådar i form av fotnoter med näthänvisningar för den som vill ytterligare elda under sin vrede.

Begås värre saker i demokratins och de mänskliga rättigheternas namn än i islams och religionens? Har Mohamad Mahatir rätt? Det tål sannerligen att tänka på.


Sören Sommelius
sosommelius@hd.se

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