Verden er inne i en omveltende periode. Det er ikke de tradisjonelle marxistiske revolusjonære bevegelser som har stått for opprørene. De siste fem årene har vi sett at massive folkelige bevegelser har styrtet statsledelsen i mange land verden rundt. I nesten alle av disse bevegelsene har studenter spilt en avgjørende rolle.

Studenter har i mange deler av verden gått i spissen for å organisere motstand og krevd regimeskifte. Det har gått som en bølge fra land til land og et globalt samarbeid har utviklet seg.

Århundrets første statsleder som ble avsatt av fredelige folkemasser var Milosevic i Serbia. Det NATO ikke klarte gjennom tre måneders massivt og illegalt bombardement i april 1999 klarte en million demonstranter i Beograd den femte oktober 2000. Studentbevegelsen Otpor (betyr “Motstand”) hadde i måneder forberedt seg og trenet for å organisere en massiv og fredelig bevegelse for å tvinge bort regimet. Godt støttet av rundt 40 millioner US dollar og amerikanske ressurspersoner klarte Otpor å oppnå sine mål.

Året etter stod Filippinene for tur. Etter det fredelige regimeskiftet i 1986 da Marcos ble avsatt gjennomførte befolkningen enda en gang en ikkevoldelig revolusjon og gjorde seg av med president Estrada. Studenter var sentrale i arbeidet med å mobilisere enorme demonstrasjoner. Med sms-meldinger klarte Student Christian Movement of the Philippines og andre å samle 700 000 demonstranter.

I 2002 var det i Madagaskar det skjedde. Massive protester og streiker tvang president Ratsiraka bort fra embetet og rivalen fra valget 2001, Ravalomanana, ble den nye lederen for landet. Radiostasjoner som støttet den gamle presidenten ble angrepet av studenter og tvunget til å stoppe propagandautsendelsene.

Georgia opplevde sin revolusjon i 2003. Sjevardnadze ble avsatt gjennom en “Rosenes revolusjon”. Her var det studentbevegelsen Kmara (betyr “Nok”) som ledet an. Trenet av Otpor fra Serbia og med finansielle muskler fra blant annet USAID og George Soros omringet de parlamentet i ukevis før det gamle regimet gav opp.

Ukraina stod for den fredelige revolusjonen anno 2004. I Kiev ledet studentbevegelsen Pora (betyr “På tide”) opprøret. Enda en gang ser vi mønsteret med praktisk støtte fra de tidligere bevegelsene og dollar fra USA. Denne gang er det National Democratic Institute og Freedom House som betaler.

Årets hendelser startet i Libanon der hundretusener okkuperte Martyr-torget i Beirut etter at den tidligere statsminister Rafik Hariri ble drept. Demonstrasjonene vokste og Karami avgikk mens Syria lovte å trekke seg ut av landet. I disse protestene var det lovord om Bush sin politikk i Midtøsten som dominerte. Free Patriotic Movement, som i hovedsak består av studenter fra de kristne og amerikanske universitetet, var sentrale i disse demonstrasjonene. Men også drusere og sunnimuslimer fylte gatene.

nspirasjonen fra Ukraina og studentene i Pora var påtagelig hos mange av deltagerne. Noen dager senere viste Hizbollah sin styrke ved å samle en enda større folkemengde til demonstrasjon til støtte for Syrias støtte til Libanon.

De siste ukene har vi så opplevd at store folkemasser i Kirgisistan har tvunget regimet til å avgå. Studenter samlet seg under navnet Kelkel (betyr “Nye tider”) og benyttet samme mal som i Serbia, Georgia og Ukraina. Godt forberedt gjennom treninger og med gode råd fra de sine søstere og brødre i Otpor, Kmara og Pora klarte de å fjerne president Askar Akayev.

Denne rekken av revolusjoner har en del fellestrekk i tillegg til at studenter er sentrale. Men de er selvsagt også hver for seg unike. De foregår i forskjellige land med ulike politiske, økonomiske og kulturelle kontekster. Hvert lands historie er unik og sammensetningen av etniske, religiøse og politiske grupperinger gjør at forskjellene nok er større enn de på overflaten kan se ut til.

Vi vet også at opposisjonene i mange andre land forbereder seg for et “windows of opportunity” og trener allerede på ikkevoldelige teknikker og strategier.

Ikkevoldelige maktovertagelser har vi sett tidligere med i de siste 20-30 årene har antallet økt dramatisk. Det er åpenbart at vi står ovenfor en bølge av fredelige maktovertagelser. Folk har av pragmatiske grunner valgt å benytte ikkevoldelige strategier. De fleste revolusjoner oppstår i forbindelse med omdiskuterte valgresultat. Majoriteten har fått aktiv støtte fra USA og andre vestlige land gjennom et antall organisasjoner som av ulike grunner ønsker et maktskifte i det aktuelle landet.

Hva resultatene blir på litt sikt vet vi fortsatt ikke, men privatisering, nyliberalisme og økte klasseskiller er på frammarsj i de fleste av disse landa.

På samme måte som studenter og universitetsansatte har vært sentrale i mange av disse revolusjonene så skulle jeg ønske at studenter og ansatte ved Universitetet i Tromsø følte ansvar for å starte forskning på dette området. Innsamling av materiale, analyser, teoribygging og generell kunnskapsøkning om hvordan slike folkelige opprør blir mulige og hva resultatet er på lengre sikt er vitale for den videre utvikling.

Her er det mange spennende og viktige forskningsoppgaver som venter på å bli tatt fatt på. Mange fagdisipliner bør gå sammen for å evaluere disse komplekse samfunnsomveltningene.

Related Posts

LONDON – So far so good, at least on the wider level. While internally Iraq seems on the edge of chaos, the much heralded clash of civilizations between the Muslim and Judaeo-Christian worlds has yet to become apparent. We have anger and despair aplenty in the Arab and Muslim worlds. But very little rushing to the standard and there was no great pilgrimage of warriors to join the fight, as happened when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan twenty years ago, and then, having driven the Red Army out, were left to ferment in that mountainous redoubt. With the armaments supplied by the CIA the mujahidin were transformed into Al Qaeda that became, for a relatively brief moment as these things go, ‘the greatest threat to the homeland that America has ever known.’ Nevertheless a ‘Cold War’ between much of the Muslim world and the West is certainly in full swing. Winston...
The Challenge of Nuclear Weaponsin the Twenty-first CenturyA Path Forward The peoples and governments of the world face an urgent challenge relating to weaponry of mass destruction and particularly to nuclear weaponry.  At the crossroads of technology, terrorism, geopolitical ambition, and policies of preemption are new and potent dangers for humanity. Despite ending the nuclear standoff of the Cold War era, nuclear weaponry is again menacing the peoples of the world with catastrophic possibilities.  We recognize the need for any government to pursue its security interests in accordance with international law; and further, we recognize that distinctive threats to these interests now exist as a result of an active international terrorist network having declared war on the United States and its allies. Nonetheless, we reject the assessment of the current US administration that upgrading a reliance on nuclear weapons is in any sense justified as a response. We find it...
By Karin Wegestal MP, the Social Democratic Partyon behalf of the Swedish Committee for Solidarity with the Yugoslav People During the last decade, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has received more than 500,000 refugees from Croatia and Bosnia, and another 300,000 internally displaced persons, mainly from the province Kosovo and Metohia. For a country with about ten million inhabitants, such an influx of homeless people is obviously a very heavy burden – even under peaceful conditions. But in addition to that, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has been the subject to sanctions from the western powers for close to ten years and its infrastructure was badly hurt through Nato’s intense bombardment during 78 days in 1999. The result of all this is that Yugoslavia, once the most developed industrial country in Eastern Europe, is today the poorest country in Europe. In Serbia excluding Kosovo, with about ten million inhabitants and...

Recent Articles

Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...

TFF on Substack

Discover and subscribe to more peace materials on TFF Substack

Most Popular

Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...
Read More
girl-5894831_1280
Below are TFF-related media mentions, comments, videos and social media posts published elsewhere but not on this homepage. We happen to catch and list only a fraction. Regarding video comments and debates, we recommend that you go to the TFF Video Channel on Substack where many of them are reproduced. Jan Oberg is a contributor to China Daily – 52 million daily clicks – and Global Times, CGTN and CCTV (the national television), China Investment, Xinhua News Agency and several others. Articles and videos on these media very often multiply into countless Chinese (and Western media) that re-post them from these main media. Thanks to The China Academy, his analyses, interviews and comments are frequently posted on YouTube channels such as Thinkers Forum and Wave Media. These videos are often re-posted on Bilibili (China’s YouTube), the China Content Center on TikTok, and on the Chinese edition of TikTok, Douyin.com. This means reaching hundreds of millions of viewers worldwide over a year. While there are too many to catch on all these...
Nobel-Prize-Plaque
Jan Oberg TFF director October 13, 2026 According to Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Peace Prize shall be awarded: ”to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.” Further down, he also expresses how the prize for the “champions of peace” shall be decided: “that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. Alfred Nobel’s will is remarkably short and clear. But few seem to have read it. Nobel did not say that the committee itself should consist of members of parliament. He entrusted the Storting with appointing five persons. In principle, it could have selected diplomats, mediators, peace researchers, conflict-resolution specialists, or other individuals with recognised expertise in matters of peace from around the world. Instead, the Storting gradually...
law-419057_1280
The Quest for Humane Survival Richard Falk Professor emeritus, Princeton UniversityTFF Associate since 1986October 12, 2026 After decades of teaching and writing about international law in academic frameworks that were not institutionally situated within law school environments—at Princeton and the University of California, Santa Barbara—I found myself most receptive to the TWAIL outlook. It has been especially illuminating in clarifying the extent to which international law evolved as a dialogical critique of Europe’s efforts to legitimize its colonial undertakings. In particular, TWAIL has exposed how international law has functioned to legalize the subjugation of Third World peoples, securing conditions for exploitative investment and trade relations, the coercive enforcement of public debts, and an ideology of cultural superiority. TWAIL’s exposure of these economic legacies of colonialism has influenced my understanding of the history and development of international law, broadly conceived, as an ideological project of the Western sub-system of the world...
images-2
Advocates of nuclear disarmament are regularly dismissed by the champions of nuclear deterrence as naïve and unrealistic, utopian or even irresponsible. Yet this ‘doctrine’ of deterrence, regarded by France as the ‘cornerstone’ of its national security, is based on quasi-religious beliefs, a theory that cannot be proven, risky gambles and fragile assumptions. So much so that one might legitimately ask which side the ‘Care Bears’ are on. Marc FinaudVice-President of Initiatives for Nuclear Disarmament (IDN) October 9, 2026 This article was originally published on Pressenza When it comes to these things being treated as religious concepts, look here. Idealists and realists It was Hubert Védrine, François Mitterrand’s former Foreign Minister, who repeatedly coined the phrase: ‘Europeans are a sort of Care Bears who don’t realise they’re living in Jurassic Park’. He applies this reference to the cartoon for well-behaved children not only to what he regards as weakness or idealism...
8824b09f-33a5-43f9-9fd0-550f28cda24d_1536x1024
What the West Borrowed from Asia and What It Left Behind Jan Krikke October 8, 2026 The article was originally published here In the late 1960s, the musical Hair announced that the Age of Aquarius was dawning. Its opening anthem promised a transformation of human consciousness: an era of peace, harmony and understanding. Half a century later, a familiar echo of that promise is a meditation app offered by your employer. You can find it in the same list of benefits as the pension plan and the gym discount. How did a spiritual revolution become an employee benefit? The answer lies in the history of the movement known as New Age: where it came from, what it borrowed from Asia, and why the meaning of what it borrowed changed in the process. Two definitions will help. New Age is a loose label for a wide range of spiritual practices and...
Screenshot 2026-10-04 210142
Small and different + among the 10% most active + 9,000 texts + 150 Associates + 60 000 a day — and a stubborn belief that peace is smarter and must be secured by peaceful means. In 2026, the Transnational Foundation for Peace and Future Research (TFF) turns 40. On Monday, October 5, 2026, a new TFF homepage will go live — a new gateway to more than 9,000 articles, analyses, research papers and other contributions produced over four decades of independent peace research. But this is not simply a new website. For four decades, TFF has worked from a simple conviction: peace is smarter than militarism and can be brought about by peaceful means. This is not merely an aspiration. It is the principle expressed in the UN Charter and the Gandhian tradition that has guided our work from the beginning. TFF is a research-based, independent and people-financed foundation....