Der er ret bred enighed om at sikkerhedpolitik idag handler om andet og mere end militær. Almindelige mennesker véd det, eksperter og statsmænd taler om menneskelig og social sikkerhed, om betydningen af at forebygge og håndtere konflikter.

Vi ser i medierne at sikkerhed drejer sig om miljøet, om den globale økonomiske krise, om flygtninge og fremmedhad. Vi ser at våbenhandlere, krigsherrer og maffiosi bidrager til krige, der handler om historie, identitet og etnisk rensning. Og vi véd at kærnevåben udgør en trussel, særligt dér hvor politikere er ansvarløse nok til at true med dem og dér hvor der savnes penge til at vedligeholde systemerne.

Vi véd også at stadigt flere fattige, arbejdsløse og tilsidesatte på vor jord skaber bitterhed, fundamentalisme, kort sagt usikkerhed. Og selvfølgelig véd alle, der har deres sunde fornuft i behold, at danske tanks eller F16-fly ikke kan være løsningen på sådanne problemer.

Men den danske regering synes ikke at vide det. Den er håbløst bagud i forhold til hvad alle véd om sikkerhed. Den nedsatte nemlig i 1997 en Forsvarskommission, hvis nyligt udkomne rapport ganske vist skriver om et udviddet sikkerhedsbegreb, men ikke magter at gøre noget ved det. Rapporten er en intellektuel katastrofe, der systematisk undgår nytænkning, problematisering eller kritik – især af USA og NATO – og kun skriver om de “opgaver,” der allerede ligger “naturligt” i “udviklingen”.

Den gør en række “vurderinger” og giver “anbefalinger” uden at man kan se analysen bag dem, og den gør sig ikke ulejligheden at definere centrale ting som fredsbevarelse, fredsstøttende, fredsfremkaldende, ligesom den heller ikke skelner mellem disse ting på den ene side og (dansk) deltagelse i krig på den anden. Den skal ikke desto mindre danne grundlag for forhandlinger om forsvarsforliget for perioden efter 1999.

For at få en sådan kommissions-rapport må man først sikre den rette sammensætning, der garanterer at der ikke opstår nye tanker eller overraskninger. Først nogle politikere og fhv ministre, der jo har nok andet at lave og næppe har skrevet denne tekst på udredningsdansk. Dernæst militærets øverste ledelse, ministerielle embedsmænd, efterretningstjeneste og Hjemmeværn og endelig nogle særligt sagkyndige, alle statsansatte danskere, der er loyale med “udviklingen” og den til enhver tid førte danske politik. Endelig opretter man sekretariatet i Forsvarsministeriet. Kort sagt, man befolker Kommissionen med kyndige, der netop ikke er kyndige i det udviddede sikkerhedsbegreb og ikke har anledning til at være det, fordi det hen ad vejen ville underminere deres egen centrale stilling i forsvars- og sikkerhedspolitikken.

Kommissionen må naturligvis samle stof og har rejst en del. Med enkelte undtagelser har man truffet folk i uniform – rent fysiskt eller intellektuelt: forsvarsmyndigheder og forsvarsudvalg i en række lande, konservative institutter, NATO, Den Vesteuropæiske Union, militære kommitteer og så videre. Kommissionen har således kun været udsat for påvirkning fra kilder, der netop ikke har en bred opfattelse af sikkerhed.

Endelig skriver man flere hundrede sider i et sprog, man er helt sikker på ikke vil blive pløjet igennem af gennemsnitsdanskeren.

Denne kritik er rent sociologisk, det er ikke en kritik af noget medlem af kommissionen. Enhver magtpolitik handler om først at opstille dagsordenen eller mandat og dermed definere hvad der ikke skal tales om på en møde, eller i en kommission. For en undersøgende journalist ligger der formentlig en interessant opgave i at undersøge f.eks: hvordan sammensætter statsmagten en forsvarskommission som denne? Hvem anbefaler hvem til hvilke opgaver, hvem bestemmer rejsemål, hvorledes kommer man frem til en tekst og hvorledes er interessante spørgsmål blevet siet fra – hvis de overhovedet har været drøftet?

Hvordan gør man så? Kort fortalt så opstiller man tre lidt forskellige forudsigelser om hvordan det kunne tænkes at gå. Og så siger man at man “vurderer” at den model, der passer bedst med de seneste ti års udvikling nok er den, der vil fortsætte – en såkaldt “global, samarbejdende orden,” der ledes af USA og i hvilken NATO er den mest centrale forsvarsorganisation – ikke OSCE eller FN – og hvori der ikke forventes konflikter, der truer denne “orden.” I denne vision vil der være “øgede muligheder for at foretage relativt håndfaste fredsbevarende operationer i fællesskabets navn.” (Alle kursiveringer er mine).

Det hér er ikke så enkelt. Der er ingen orden, snarere en hel del uorden. Der er intet i rapporten om det globale samfund eller global sikkerhed, den er helt fikseret på Danmark, Baltikum, USA og Europa. Rapporten analyserer ikke hvorfor militære midler har prioritet eller hvorfor NATO bør være den ledende organisation, hvilket er paradoksalt netop når man går ud fra tanken om udvidet sikkerhed. Og man leder forgæves efter en definition af hvad fredsbevarelse – og håndfast sådan – er og hvilke risici, der er forbundet hermed. Og hvad mon det er for et “fællesskab”?

Ikke et ord om ned- og omrustning til alternative forsvarsformer. Ikke et ord om kærnevåbnene som et problem. FN får 7 linjer, OSCE 25 og NATO 152 i et afsnit om institutioner. Ikke ét ord om hvad det betyder at håndtere komplekse konflikter. Intet om hvor grænserne bør være for Danmarks medvirken til internationale operationer som Irak og Kosovo, der begge rubriceres som “fredsstøttende.” Dette – og resten af rapporten – er så udvandet at man skulle tro at det snævre sikkerhedsbroderskab har givet hinanden et helligt løfte: Sig intet, der kunne få amerikanerne til at løfte øjenbryn. Storebror ser os! Pligten fremfor alt! 

USA er som bekendt den mest indflydelsesrige land og aktør på den globale scene. Alene af den grund bør dets samfund og politik analyseres intensivt og dets magtudøvelse bedømmes kritiskt. Danmark har intet institut for USA-forskning og således ingen ekspertise. Mens vi har imponerende ekspertise på snart sagt hver eneste lille land rundt om i verden, er USA faktiskt det eneste problemområde, der aldrig blir systematiskt analyseret. Amerikanske intellektuelle og medier udøver mere analyse og kritik af amerikansk politik end Danmarks gør.

Rapporten rejser ingen interessante spørgsmål, sår ingen nye tanker og kommer ikke at skabe nogen videre samfundsdebat. Det er netop den – magtpolitiske – mening med den. Når man betænker hvor interessant verden er, hvor kompliceret og hvor mange valgmuligheder der er åbnet op efter den kolde krig er dét en bedrift.

Så hvad skal vi egentlig med den slags? Vel, én ting vil den egne sig glimrende til. Forsvarsminister Hans Hækkerup kan med stolthed vedlægge den, når han en dag søger om at blive NATOs generalsekretær.

PhD, Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer, Professor Emeritus and media commentator

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