FN’s forskelsbehandling – denne gang i resolutionen om Syrien

Af

Salim Lone*

13. december, 2005

Originalartikel på engelsk
InformationClearingHouse, ICH
2. november 2005

Begyndelsen til kampagnen for at retfærdiggøre brugen af magt eller andre alvorlige aktioner mod Syrien for landets mulige indblanding i mordet på Rafiq Hariri ligner opløbet i 2002 til den amerikansk ledede krig mod Irak. Som den gang er det FNs sikkerhedsråd, der bruges til at øge spændingen med gårsdagens enstemmige vedtagelse af den resolution, der forlanger, at Syrien skal samarbejde med FNs undersøger Detlev Mehlis’ Hariri undersøgelse ved at arrestere dem, han mistænker for meddelagtighed og udlevere dem til forhør udenfor Syrien.

Hvis Irak kan bruges som målestok, så vil kravene øges, uanset hvilken grad af samarbejde Syrien tilbyder. Så USA holder muligheden åben for at ty til krig, hvis man beslutter det. Med eller uden krig intensiverer resolutionen beskyldningerne mod FN for forskelsbehandling og den vil yderligere polarisere forholdet mellem Vesten og muslimerne.

De argumenter, der fremføres for intervention denne gang, er endnu mere falske end påstandene om at Irak besad masseødelæggelsesvåben. Den meget spekulative og åbent politiske Mehlis Rapport bygger på partiske vidner og byder ikke på noget konkret bevis for, at Syrien var indblandet i Haririmordet, den påstår i det højeste, at en sådan medvirken er sandsynlig.

Det, at resolutionen kunne vedtages, viser endnu engang, at Sikkerhedsrådet er et redskab for vestlig magt, der i det væsentlige påkaldes for at skræmme og straffe arabere. Det går ikke ubemærket hen i området, at da Israel dræbte over 100 libanesere i Qan’a i 1996 og da hundreder af palæstinensere blev dræbt i Nablus, Jenin og andre steder i 2003, foretog Sikkerhedsrådet sig ikke noget overfor Israel.

[Det går heller ikke ubemærket for muslimer med al den opmærksomhed omkring det vigtige i at opspore Hariris mordere, mens 2 massemordere, Radovan Karadzic og Radko Mladic, som FN har eftersøgt i næsten 10 år for den brutale massakre på over 7000 muslimske mænd og drenge i den FN garanterede sikre zone i Srebrenica, stadig går frit omkring, SL].

For at lægge størst muligt pres på Syrien og Sikkerhedsrådet forud for afstemningen, havde USAs præsident George Bush øget indsatsen dramatisk ved at fastslå, at en amerikansk magtindsats mod Syrien var en mulighed, hvis man ikke samarbejdede med Mehlis’ undersøgelse. Mordet på Hariri var en oprørende handling, men den opfattelse, at USA kan angribe Syrien, strider mod alle internationale pagter om den lovlige anvendelse af magt, også i det tilfælde hvor landets embedsmænd måtte være indblandede i Haririmordet.

Hvordan det nu end er, så har Bushs trussel mod Syrien og en tilsvarende mod Iran, hvis det land nægter at standse sin berigning af uran, fået spændingerne til at stige blandt arabere og muslimer under frygten for, at en ny vestlig aggression kan være under opsejling.

Men der er talrige amerikanske strateger, der mener, at Irak kun kan sikres, hvis de antiamerikanske styrer i Syrien og Iran fjernes, og at i hvert tilfælde et regimeskifte i de 2 lande, uanset hvor uroskabende det kan være, er en forudsætning for at opnå andre af USAs strategiske mål i området, bl.a. en direkte kontrol med den arabiske olie til en energihungrende verden og en politisk omskabelse af området (“demokratisering”) for at gøre det mere imødekommende overfor amerikanske interesser. Så den ny krigeriskhed handler ikke om Hariri; den handler om at skræmme Syrien og andre ind på USAs linie. [Den Irakiske katastrofe og hans stigende hjemlige bekymringer – som de kommer til udtryk i, at præsident Bushs tilslutning er på det laveste niveau siden han blev valgt i 2000 – har klart fået hans folk til at mene, at en hård linie i Irak og mod andre muslimske lande, kan være vejen til at genvinde den nationale opslutning, han har tabt, SL

Det står i hvert fald klart, at i Irak har den amerikanske ledelse startet en mere aggressiv politik. Der har nu i nogle måneder været talt om at begynde en gradvis tilbagetrækning engang i foråret. [Amerikanske generaler har i vidneudsagn til Kongressen i September sagt, at tilstedeværelsen af fremmede tropper gav næring til modstandsbevægelsen, ligesom “oplevelsen” af besættelse. De pegede også på succesen med at få 3 irakiske divisioner klar til indsats uafhængigt af USA, SL]. Så den 7. oktober i en større tale satte Bush slut for den slags snak med at slå fast, at krigen mod terror skal vindes, uanset hvor længe det kommer til at tage – også i Irak. [Det er ironisk, at dette skift kommer efter [sic! OJ] at folkeafstemningen den 15 oktober viste, at såvel sunnier som de shia militante, der ledes af Muqtada al-Sadr endelig er parate til at engagere sig i den politiske proces, hvis man bare tager hensyn til deres bekymringer over besættelsen].

Som det afsløredes endnu engang i weekenden i Delhi, er international terrorisme udført af muslimske ekstremister stadig en voksende og voldsom trussel. Den kan kun bringes under kontrol, hvis USA støtter moderate muslimske kræfter og foretager konkrete ændringer i sin politik, som giver genklang hos det store flertal af verdens muslimer, som længes efter at få en ende på den kløft, der stadig uddybes overfor Vesten. [Men Frankrigs beslutning om at forliges med supermagten for nogen kortsigtede gevinster omkring Syrien og valget af en pro-amerikansk kansler i Tyskland, de 2 modstandere af den engelsk-amerikanske kampagne for angreb på Irak, er større tilbageslag for et sådant håb. Hertil kommer, at siden julis terrorangreb i England, ses premierminister Blair ikke længere bare som en svag følgesvend til Bush, men som en vred og uafhængig udfordrer overfor den muslimske verden, SL].

Med denne fælles front, er der ikke længere en større europæisk allieret, der råder USA til moderation i sin magtudøvelse i Mellemøsten. Det uundgåelige resultat er endnu mere polarisering i den muslimske verden og en fortsat marginalisering af dens reformkræfter. En hårdere verden og øget ustabilitet, stirrer os alle i ansigtet, mens mændene bag 9/11 glæder sig.

* Salim Lones sidste stilling i en lang FN-karriere var som talsmand for FNs mission i Irak straks efter 2003 krigen. Han skriver regelmæssigt om forholdet mellem muslimer og Vesten.

Salim Lone kan kontaktes her

Oversat af Orla Jordal, – www.jordals.dk – som en Public Service.

Artiklen må anvendes og citeres, sålænge indholdet er rimeligt gengivet og forfatter og oversætter begge nævnes.

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