“Vi slikker sårene og ligger lidt lavt. Vi har lært hvilke fredsbevarende operationer, vi ikke skal lade os skubbe ind i og hvilke mandater vi bør kunne kræve af medlemsstaterne. Reformer er på vej, der er en ny lederstil. Men jeg må minde Dem om at hvis USA fortsætter sin destruktive politik over for FN, så blir verden nødt til at finde på noget nyt inden fem år,” siger han og ser med et øjebliks forbitrelse ud over New York fra 37. etage som søgte han en vision dér på den anden side af smogen.

Han er en af FNs vicegeneralsekretærer. Hvis FN havde den legitimitet, organisationen burde have, ville hans ord veje tungere end en stats- eller udenrigsministers. Som forbløffende mange FN-folk udstråler han kompetence, engagement og verbal præcision — forbløffende fordi der er sagt og skrevet så om “FNs inkompetence”. Cirkulerer man i det internationale opdager man snart at FN ikke er værre end andre, tværtimod.

Magnolia och påskeliljer har sprængt sig op af stenørkenen. Det er smukt forår og efter nogle dages samtale i FNs skyskraber kryber et lille håb frem i mig om at der er måske også et forår for verdens vigtigste samarbejdsorgan, en vej ud af den politiske vinter, der begyndte med Irak-invasionen — eller måske i virkeligheden i slutningen af 1970erne, da idéen om en Ny Økonomisk Verdensorden blev så retorisk fortyndet at den kunne nydes af ethvert multinationalt selskab og de vestlige lande med USA i spidsen.

Der er en anden stemning i huset. Jeg gjorde også en interviewrunde godt en måned efter at Boutros-Ghali i sin tid tiltrådte. Ved at have flyttet rundt på utallige medarbejdere, så de ikke vidste hvilke kontorer de ville sidde i ugen efter og reserveret en af elevatorerne til sig selv, kaldtes han allerede “Faraonen”. Helt udiplomatiskt sagde diplomater, dengang som nu, at han hverken forstod sig på FN, på samarbejde eller ledelse.

Den nye generalsekretær viser og vinder respekt. Kofi Annan har en udstråling, der kun kan stamme fra en indre harmoni. Det er kloge øjne med overblik. Han er sikker nok i sig selv til at virke ydmyg og søgende — nej, netop ikke virke, han er det. Derfor har han kunnet være i FN i mere end 30 år uden at tabe gnisten eller integriteten.

Han skaber selvstændige teams, der tænker selv i stedet for blot at at udføre ordre. Koordinering og delegering, sammenlægninger af afdelinger og en ny “adfærdskodeks” skal muliggøre afbureaukratisering og en reduktion af driftsudgifterne på 123 millioner dollars 1998-99 i forhold til de to tidligere år, penge der i stedet vil gå til programmer ude i verden. Annan’s filosofi er at “reformer er en process, ikke en begivenhed” og det mærkes allerede i dag. Den interessede kan på FNs glimrende Internet-side følge arbejdet med disse reformer.

I det hele taget er der mere gå-på-mod nu. For et par år siden skabtes en lille afdeling for “Lessons Learned”. Under Leonard Kapungus fortræffelige ledelse kommer nu studier, der evaluerer FNs fredsbevarende missioner, langt mere konstruktivt end dem, der som USA og visse medier bare river ned. FNs fredsbevarende tropper har 50 års jubilæum næste år og Kapungu har sat sig for at verden skal høre om den ofte usynliggjorte betydning FN har og kunne få i internationalt fredsarbejde.

Hvorfor fortæller medierne os ikke om FNs handlekraftige mission i Østre Slavonien hvor man går nye veje og lykkes? Vi skal ikke bare lære af erfaringerne og have andre til at læse os teksten, vi skal også undervise verden i den nye konflikthåndtering. Det er og forblir medlemsstaterne, der skal forstå hvilke muligheder de har, ikke alene og ikke med militære midler alene, men netop gennem FN og Chartrets norm om “fred gennem fredelige midler.” FN bør blive mere end summen af medlemsstaterne.

Ungefär sådan kan man sammenfatte stemningen. Det er så sandelig brug for forbedringer, det véd de godt i FNs skryskraber. Humanitær bistand må og skal lede til selvstændig udvikling og der må foretages vurderinger af risikoen for nye konflikter og vold i kølvandet på social forandring og udviklingsprogrammer. Hele den fredsskabende process fra tidlig varsling over forebyggende diplomati, fredsbevarelse, -mægling og -forhandling til fredsopbygning, forsoning og udvikling skal fremover ses som en organisk eller cirkulær process og ikke som en punktvis, skridt-for-skridt indsats.

Ja, de ledende i FN véd godt at FNs personnel må gennemgå en bedre træning på en række områder og at den menneskelige dimension i international konflikthåndtering halter efter de investeringer, der gøres i det tekniske, økonomiske og militære. De véd godt hvor vigtigt det er at gøre en kvalificeret diagnose inden man sender lægehold ud til sammenstyrtede samfund med befolkningsgrupper i eksistentielt truede situationer.

Vi andre véd det også godt. Man fristes til at sige at de eneste, der øjensynligt ikke synes at vide det, er medlemsregeringerne. De store er ligeglade/autoritære/arrogante, mellemstaterne er selvudslettende, flokfølgende og de helt hjælpeløse svage tigger. Dag for dagdriver verden i en retning, der er den stik modsatte af den etik og det normsystem, der er nedfældet i FNs Charter.

Man fristes til at råbe højt: Véd I hvad det er I ødelægger, I der bare kører de snævre og korte interesser og kører dem militært i FN — Forenede NATO?”

“Jeg er moralist og FN skal værne om de grundlæggende normer, menneskets værdi og værdighed. FN er alt for beskedent. Det er FN som burde være offensivt nu. Vi skal respekterer USA men pinedød også danne koalitioner af ligesindede, der kan danne en modvægt til den arrogance, den sig-selv-nok-politik, USA fører,” tordner en anden med årtiers erfaring i FN-systemet.

FN og Annan kæmper altså bravt for sin fremtid. Den Store Destruktør er også den største skyldner. Af de samlede restancer til FN på 2.1 milliarder US $, tegner USA sig for 1.3, altså over halvdelen. Sandt nok står USA også for over 25% af FNs budget på omkring 4 milliarder $ (10 kroner per amerikaner), men det skal sammenlignes med at USAs forsvarsbudget alene er på 265 milliarder $ per år! USA tjener givetvis mere på FN end det betaler til FN i og med at FN ligger i New York, lejemål for 185 missioner, diplomaters og medarbejderes lejligheder og forbrug, receptioner, restaurantbesøg, transporter og salg af tjenester til FN.

Een sag er at visse har svært ved at betale et kontingent til en forening, men USA lader være for at kunne ødelægge. I normale foreninger har den, der ikke betaler, heller ingen indflydelse, men i FN bestemmer USA stort set alt. Og gad vid hvornår USA kræver tilsvarende reformer i NATO, i Pentagons militærindustrielle kompleks?

Det er ikke USAs skyld, sådan gør en enestående supermagt bare. Hvis USA var internationalistisk ville det fremme FN. Det skal man ikke vente. Nej, det er de øvrige 184 lande, der bekvemt bøjer sig for Den Store Destruktør. Selv ikke i de nordiske lande føres en debat om hvorledes vi kan hjælpe Kofi Annan og gøre FN til det FN burde være, så FN kan hjælpe verden til at blive det den burde — og kan — blive.

Byg nye koalitioner. Det er forår i New York. Lytter de nordiske folkelige bevægelser?

Peace & future researcher + ‌Art Photographer

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