PressInfo #207 – Tsunamin – den verkliga skandalenoch vad vi kan lära av den

Se även MSNBCs nyhetsrapport “Tsunamin skonar Amerikansk bas på ön Diego Garcia”, och Eric Widells “Varför blev vi inte varnade?”, samt dessa frågor från en professor i journalistik på Independent Journalists Online.

Dessa rapporter slår fast att den amerikanska militärbasen på Diego Garcia tog emot en varning om den stundande tsunamin men höll inne med informationen. Det är nu klarlagt att denna varning inte blev vidarebefordrad.

Detta brott av aldrig förut skådat slag måste avslöjas.

Diego Garcia som alltså är en Amerikansk Flottbas ingår i Stilla Havets tsunami-varningssystem, trots att den är förlagd i Indiska Oceanen. Varningssystemets medlemmar blev informerade om tsunamin i Indiska Oceanen av USAs Nationella Havs- och Atmosfärsadministration (NOAA) i Colorado, men att den inte skulle innebära någon fara för Stilla Havsområdet.

(Se John Pilgers 56 minuter långa video om Diego Garcia, “Stealing a Nation”. Ön har spelat en central roll för de militära aktionerna mot Afghanistan och Irak).

Detta avslöjar falskheten i militärens rättfärdigande av sig själv som “beskyddare av människoliv”. Den som skjuter en polis i USA döms till döden. Men den som bär ansvaret för tsunamins nästan 250.000 offer genom att ha undanhållit livsviktig information från de behövande anses inte vara kriminell, trots att detta är ett betydligt allvarligare brott.

De som förlorat anhöriga i tsunamin bör därför stämma de som undanhöll informationen om tsunamin. I synnerhet befälhavaren för militärbasen på Diego Garcia, samt eventuellt Pentagon.

Chansen att vinna målet är mycket liten men en stämning skulle rendera publicitet och liva upp debatten om militärens funktion i världen.

Följande artikel fasthåller att en varning skulle kunna ha utfärdats till många av de drabbade trots avsaknaden av ett officiellt varningssystem i Indiska Oceanen.

 

Vad vi kan lära oss av Tsunamin

Publicerat av Inter-Press Service den 4 januari 2005

I en intervju på CNN den andra januari fick chefen för NOAA i Colorado frågan som vi alla ville ställa: Varför varnades inte de länder som blev drabbade av tsunamin efter det att NOAA upptäckte en kraftig jordbävning utanför Sumatras västkust den 26 december? Han svarade, att för det första fanns det inget officiellt varningssystem och därför fanns det inte heller någon man kunde kontakta i mottagarländerna. För det andra hade NOAA ingen detaljerad information om tsunamins omfattning och kunde därför inte veta hur många som skulle behöva evakueras.

Det krävs inget dyrt varningssystem för att man ska misstänka att ett skalv under havet som mäter 9 på richterskalan möjligen kommer att följas av en tsunami, och att de tusentals människor som bor på de tätbefolkade kustremsorna runt epicentret kan vara i fara. Ett jordskalv i Lituya Bay utanför Alaskas kust år 1958, som mätte 8.3 på richterskalan, följdes av en våg som spolade bort träd på bergssluttningarna 516 meter över havet – lyckligtvis i ett obefolkat område. Visst, en jordbävning på havsbottnen behöver inte alltid skapa en tsunami, men försiktighetsprincipen lär oss att vid ovisshet alltid förbereda oss för det värsta om man misstänker en katasrof.

Även om det inte ingår i arbetsuppgifterna för de vetenskapsmän som upptäckte jordbävningen att varna dem vars liv var i fara så hade de ett moraliskt ansvar att göra det. Möjligtvis var det så att de inte hade telefonnumren till de ansvariga myndigheterna i de drabbade länderna. Men hade de informerat några som kunde vidarebefordra en varning, inklusive släkt och vänner, och oavsett om det var mitt i natten, så hade dom kanske kunnat nå någon i de drabbade länderna som då i sin tur kunnat vidarebefordra informationen till andra. Om en person ringde upp tio andra, och dessa i sin tur ringde ytterligare tio personer var, så skulle man i nio steg kunna nå ut till en miljard människor. Även om vissa inte skulle vidarebefordra varningen så skulle andra göra det.

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Människor som saknar telefon skulle kunna varnas av grannar. Via radiosändningar och Internet skulle ännu fler kunna nås, vilka i sin tur sen kunnat kontakta andra via telefon eller mobil. Helikoptrar utrustade med megafon skulle kunna ha satts in för att signalera varningar längs de kuststräckor som befann sig i fara.

Varför ingenting av detta gjordes är obegripligt.

USAs utrikesdepartement kunde ha kontaktat sina ambassader i regionen eller regeringarna direkt. Några regeringar blev varnade men gjorde inget av rädsla för att det kunde skada turistnäringen. Det tog tsunamin 3 timmar och 52 minuter att nå Sri Lanka, lite mindre för Thailand, men fortfarande gott om tid för att nå ut med en varning. Det finns rikligt med skuld att fördela.

Man behöver inte veta exakt vilka områden som är hotade eller behöver evakueras. Vilket misstag är allvarligast: att klättra högre upp än vad som visar sig vara nödvändigt, eller att bli kvarlämnad för att drunkna?

För människorna på Sumatras västkust var varningstiden kort, endast 20 minuter för Banda Aceh, ett av de svårast drabbade områdena. Dessutom förstördes flera telefonledningar. Men man kunde ha lärt människor att kraftiga jordbävningar ofta följs av en ödeläggande våg. De som inte skadades allvarligt av själva jordbävningen kunde ha nått säker mark.

Okunnighet kan döda medan utbildning kan rädda liv. Ett bra exempel på detta är re-hydreringsbehandlingen. Om man blandar ner en matsked socker och en tesked salt i en liter kokat vatten och ger det teskedsvis till en person med akut diarré som orsakats av kolera eller tyfus kan man rädda denne från att dö av uttorkning. Innan denna enkla kur blev allmänt känd dog 30-40 procent av alla kolerapatienter. Under koleraepidemin i Peru 1991, där människor kände till denna lösning, dog mindre än 1 procent av dem som smittatdes.

Det är bra att många regeringar och individer har samlat in över en miljard dollar till katastrofhjälpen. Men det utgör dock endast en tiondels procent av världens sammanlaga militärbudget under ett år. Det kommer att behövas mycket mer om inte ännu fler ska dö av vattenbrist, svält, sår och sjukdomar.

I denna enorma katastrof har redan 155.000 människor bekräftats som döda, medan tiotusentals fortfarande är försvunna och ännu fler riskerar att dö av sjukdomar som sprids genom förorenat dricksvatten. Detta enorma lidande, som varit duktigt omskrivet i media, har för en gångs skull starkt påvisat omfattningen av det strukturella våld som pågår utanför den vanliga rapporteringen: att 125.000 människor dör varje dag, eller 45 miljoner årligen, mestadels barn och äldre, helt i onödan av svält och lättbotade sjukdomar i vår värld av överflöd.

Den summa pengar som vi i väst lägger på glass, smink och djurmat skulle räcka för att ge tillräckligt med mat och sjukvård åt alla de människor i världen som idag saknar det!

Låt oss fördubbla våra ansträngningar att stoppa denna förskräckliga orättvisa.

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